Polimiositis secundaria a COVID-19: Reporte de Caso

Abstract

Introduction: SARS-CoV-2 continues to be the subject of research in various areas; however, recent studies have shown its ability to trigger autoimmune diseases in genetically susceptible individuals. Polymyositis secondary to COVID-19 is rare and poorly documented in the scientific literature, with only two cases reported in the United States up to 2022. This report presents a case contributing to scientific knowledge about this rare association. Clinical case: A 44-year-old woman who developed symptoms of muscle weakness and myalgias after contracting COVID-19. In the myopathic panel, positive antibodies for Anti-Mi2-alpha and Anti-Jo-1 were identified. The patient was treated with prednisone, leading to complete symptom resolution. Despite medical recommendations, the patient refused to undergo a muscle biopsy or electromyography. The diagnosis of polymyositis secondary to COVID-19 was established based on clinical findings, elevated muscle enzymes, positivity for specific myositis antibodies (MSA), and an adequate response to corticosteroid treatment. Other differential diagnoses were ruled out through a thorough physical examination. Conclusions: This case provides evidence of a rare condition with a complex etiology, highlighting the association between COVID-19 and polymyositis. It contributes to scientific knowledge by providing reference data for future research. Continuous monitoring of patients with persistent muscle weakness following COVID-19 infection is essential, as it may facilitate early diagnosis and improve prognosis.