Efecto twist en pacientes con retenedores fijos posterior a un procedimiento de ortodoncia. Revisión de la literatura.

Abstract

The twist effect in fixed retainers following orthodontic treatment is a rare complication involving the opposite inclination of the canines, even when the retainer remains firmly attached. This disorder can significantly affect esthetics, masticatory function, and periodontal health. This literature review focused on identifying the etiological factors and possible causes of this condition. Studies in Spanish and English addressing the prevalence, associated factors, diagnosis, and treatment of the twist effect were included. The results suggest that its origin is multifactorial, involving mechanical aspects related to the design and placement of the retainer, biological factors such as bone remodeling and periodontal support, andindividual patient factors, including oral habits and clinical follow-up. Recognizing these factors at an early stage enables the implementation of preventive measures, optimization of post-treatment stability, and a reduction in the occurrence of complications. Further prospective research is recommended to clarify the mechanisms involved and propose improvements in retention materials and techniques