Terapia celular alogénica con islotes pancreáticos en diabetes mellitus tipo 1

Abstract

Introduction: Type 1 Diabetes Mellitus (DM1) is a chronic autoimmune disease that generally manifests in childhood and young adults. It is characterized by destroying pancreatic beta cells, resulting in absolute insulin deficiency. The diagnosis is based on the detection of persistent hyperglycemia, and the primary treatment consists of administering insulin to maintain glycemic control. However, despite intensive control, some patients in advanced stages continue to experience severe episodes of hypoglycemia. This has prompted the development of complementary therapies, among which allogeneic cell therapy with pancreatic islets stands out, known commercially as Donislecel (Lantidra). This innovative therapeutic intervention is based on the infusion of pancreatic islets obtained from deceased donors into the hepatic portal vein of the receptor; it can be administered in one or several doses. The main objective is to restore endogenous insulin production, mitigating hypoglycemic episodes and reducing the need for exogenous insulin. Objective: To describe allogeneic cell therapy with pancreatic islets in type 1 Diabetes Mellitus, according to current literature. Results: This research work is expected to detail the importance of the new Allogeneic Cellular Therapy, focused on the infusion of pancreatic islets from deceased donors, for treating DM1 adult patients who have not achieved glycemic control objectives with conventional treatment