Abordaje terapéutico de cáncer de próstata, en enfermedad metastásica sensible a la castración. Revisión Sistemática

Abstract

Background: Prostate cancer represents a significant public health concern among the male population due to its high incidence, accounting for 9.8% of cases, and a global mortality rate of 7.7%. Accordingly, treatment strategies vary depending on the extent of disease progression. Objective: To analyze the therapeutic approach to metastatic castrate-sensitive prostate cancer (mCSPC) through a systematic review. Methodology: A systematic review was conducted following the PRISMA 2020 guidelines. Scientific articles were retrieved from PubMed, Springer, Taylor & Francis, and Scopus databases. PICO strategies were applied for screening. Results: A total of 24 scientific articles, including clinical trials, case reports, as well as prospective and retrospective studies, were reviewed to identify effective therapies for castrate-sensitive prostate cancer. Discussion: Several limitations were encountered, such as restricted access to some articles due to financial constraints. Nevertheless, the available evidence supports the recommendation of androgen deprivation therapy (ADT) combined with Abiraterone acetate, which significantly improves survival in patients with mCSPC and is therefore considered the standard of care for this patient population. Conclusion: The recommended therapeutic approach for metastatic castrate-sensitive prostate cancer involves combining new antiandrogens such as Abiraterone, Enzalutamide, and Apalutamide with ADT, as this strategy enhances overall survival compared to ADT alone. Keywords: therapeutics, castration, prostatic neoplasms, hormonal therapy, metastatic neoplasms