Cirugía bariátrica como tratamiento del síndrome metabólico en paciente con secuelas de poliomielitis: reporte de caso

Abstract

Introduction: Poliomyelitis is an infectious disease, mainly affects children under 5 years of age, and causes infantile paralysis since it attacks nervous and muscular tissue. Its eradication is 99% worldwide due to vaccination. Metabolic syndrome is a chronic entity, consisting of obesity, hyperglycemia, dyslipidemia, arterial hypertension, leading to cardiovascular diseases and the development of diabetes mellitus. Treatment involves hygienic-dietary measures, exercise, drugs and, ultimately, bariatric surgery. Objective: To present bariatric surgery as a treatment for metabolic syndrome in patients with poliomyelitis sequelae. Methodology: The clinical case is a 50-year-old female patient with sequelae of poliomyelitis during the first year of her life, as a consequence of weight gain and alteration in mobility, thus affecting her quality of life. After several restrictive diets and medication to lose weight, she came to the consultation to be treated surgically by bariatric surgery, a procedure that regulated the endocrinological profile. Conclusions: After preoperative and postoperative assessment, the patient went from being in grade 2 obesity (BMI of 37.8) to average weight (BMI of 21.3), indicating a total weight loss of 32.3 kg in one year, which improved her mobility. Bariatric surgery is an effective option for treating obesity. Weight loss lightens the limb load, improves mobility, and quality of life.