Manejo del cáncer de mama en el embarazo

Abstract

Background: In recent years, breast cancer has been considered the most diagnosed neoplasm worldwide. In Europe, approximately 1400 pregnant women are diagnosed with this disease annually, and their prognosis will depend on the clinical stage, tolerance, and feasibility of the applied treatment.

Case Presentation: A 24-year-old woman at 15.2 weeks of gestation detects a left breast nodule of 1-year duration through self-examination without accompanying symptoms. During pregnancy, she noticed changes, experiencing pain in the left breast, rated 10/10 on the visual analog scale, superficial sensitivity, and nipple retraction. Physical examination and complementary tests report infiltrating ductal carcinoma of the left breast, positive for human epidermal growth factor receptor 2 with hepatic metastases and peritoneal adenomegaly. The patient received three cycles of first-line chemotherapy with docetaxel. Due to advanced disease status, she developed multiorgan failure. Emergency cesarean section and hysterectomy were performed due to complications of bleeding and uterine atony, with no positive response.

Conclusion: Early detection of breast cancer during pregnancy is essential to improve treatment possibilities despite the limited data reported on its safety during gestation. For this reason, the collection of prospective data on breast cancer patients during pregnancy is recommended so that physicians can acquire updated knowledge about its management