Asociación entre vulnerabilidad social territorial-hábitat y enfermedad periodontal en escolares de 12 años de las instituciones educativas públicas de la parroquia Bellavista de la ciudad de Cuenca en el año 2023

Abstract

"Territorial-habitat social vulnerability refers to the inability of a population to prevent adverse events from negatively affecting their living conditions. This is due to the lack of resources to protect against risks and the absence of opportunities to improve their situation. It involves physical and geographical aspects of the territory, as well as the interaction of the community with the available infrastructure and services. Periodontal disease is an infection that affects the tissues that support the teeth. General objective: To analyze the association between territorial-habitat social vulnerability and periodontal disease in 12-year-old schoolchildren in Bellavista parish. Materials and methods: The study used a quantitative cross-sectional descriptive design, analyzing a randomized sample of 458 schoolchildren in public schools. The Russell index was used to measure periodontal disease, evaluating gingival inflammation and bone destruction. For territorial-habitat social vulnerability, the David Acurio index, adapted for a doctoral thesis, was used. Periodontal disease data were classified into four categories: excellent, good, fair and poor. Vulnerability was divided into three levels: high, medium and low. Statistical analysis included confidence intervals and the chi-square test with 95% confidence and Odd Ratio. Results: The study found no significant association between territorial-habitat social vulnerability and periodontal disease in 12-year-old students from Bellavista, Cuenca. The majority presented medium vulnerability, and the prevalence of periodontal disease was high."