Efectos secundarios del peróxido de hidrógeno al 35% como agente que interviene en el aclaramiento dental. Revisión bibliográfica

Abstract

Introduction: Dental whitening is an aesthetic procedure that removes stains using chemical agents such as hydrogen peroxide. Although safe if performed correctly, it can cause side effects such as sensitivity and irritation. Its application under professional supervision ensures optimal results and the preservation of dental health. Objective: To determine the side effects of hydrogen peroxide at 35% as an agent in dental whitening. Materials and Methods: A literature review was conducted on the side effects of hydrogen peroxide at 35% in dental whitening. The search included databases such as Web of Science, SciELO, and Redalyc, covering articles in English, Spanish, and Portuguese published since 2016. Out of 277,661 articles, 57 were included after applying specific exclusion criteria. Results: The study evaluated the effects of whitening with peroxides, comparing at-home and in-office methods. It analyzed enamel alterations, sensitivity, efficacy, and color stability, emphasizing the need to balance results and safety. Conclusion: Hydrogen peroxide at 35% can alter enamel and cause sensitivity, demineralization, and soft tissue irritation, highlighting the importance of controlled use in clinical settings. Dental whitening is more effective for extrinsic and intrinsic stains, with safety depending on the agent, concentration, and professional supervision to balance results and patient well-being. Keywords: Dental whitening, whitening agents, tooth, dental bleaching agents, tooth bleaching.