Eficacia de la terapia física convencional frente a la terapia de estimulación eléctrica transcutánea (TENS) en pacientes con neuropatía diabética. Revisión sistemática

Abstract

Background: Diabetic neuropathy is a condition characterized by peripheral nerve damage, leading to pain, weakness, and reduced sensitivity, significantly impacting quality of life. Managing neuropathic pain is challenging, as it typically does not respond to conventional analgesics. Thus, physical therapy, which includes therapeutic exercises and manual techniques, is beneficial in improving this condition. At the same time, transcutaneous electrical nerve stimulation (TENS) is a non-invasive treatment using electrical impulses to also alleviate this condition. Objective: To determine the efficacy of conventional physical therapy versus TENS therapy in patients with diabetic neuropathy. Methods: A systematic review was conducted following the PRISMA 2020 guidelines, utilizing the ROB-1 tool to assess the risk of bias. Results were analyzed and visualized using the REVMAN software. Results: TENS therapy provides immediate relief from neuropathic pain caused by peripheral nerve damage due to hyperglycemia. In contrast, conventional physical therapy offers a more comprehensive approach, addressing pain, improving mobility, and enhancing long-term quality of life. Consequently, a combined approach integrating both therapeutic measures is ideal for treating diabetic neuropathy. Keywords: neuropathic pain, transcutaneous electrical stimulation, physical therapy