Intervenciones de enfermería en pacientes con pancreatitis aguda

Abstract

Introduction: Acute pancreatitis, a condition that causes inflammation of the pancreas due to the activation of digestive enzymes, has experienced an increase in prevalence, posing a growing challenge to healthcare systems. This disease can affect other tissues and organs and often requires hospitalization. Objective: To determine nursing interventions in patients with acute pancreatitis, considering its high prevalence and mortality. Methodology: This descriptive literature review was conducted by searching scientific articles in specialized databases to collect information on nursing interventions regarding acute pancreatitis. Fifty articles were selected to provide the theoretical basis for this literature review, ensuring the inclusion of relevant and updated information. Results: The prevalence of acute pancreatitis has increased. The most prominent factors include alcohol abuse, gallstones, and elevated triglyceride levels. Treatment focuses on reducing inflammation, symptom alleviation, and managing systemic or local complications. Nursing interventions are essential in managing the disease, including constant monitoring of vital signs, pain, and gastrointestinal function, administration and supervision of medications, and patient education about their condition. Conclusions: The global study of acute pancreatitis shows regional variations and differences, underscoring the need for further research, particularly in Ecuador. The importance of directing future research towards improving nursing strategies for this disease is highlighted.

Keywords: Nursing care, risk factors, acute pancreatitis, prevalence