Trabajos de Titulación - Ingeniería Psicología Clínica
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- ÍtemAcceso AbiertoComportamientos de riesgo en adolescentes víctimas de sexting.(Universidad Católica de Cuenca., 2024) Salto Arízaga , Cristopher; Velecela Lema, Marco; Polo Martínez, Eulalia; 0350344511; 0350005476Sexting is the practice of sending messages with explicit content either through photos, messages, audio, or videos by using digital devices. Technological advances have led adolescents to seek new ways of communicating and interacting, generating a trend among teenagers; the spread of this erotic content has caused physical and behavioral consequences in its victims. This action results in risk behaviors, which can be voluntary or involuntary and can affect third parties. The main objective of this study was to determine the risk behaviors presented by adolescent victims of sexting and their major psychological consequences. The methodology implemented was qualitative-descriptive, using a literature review that included databases such as SciELO, Redalyc, Dialnet, Scopus, Web of Science, and PubMed. The results obtained show that males play the role of aggressors while females are the victims; it was established that risk behaviors among the victims, including sexual practices at an early age, unprotected sex, substance abuse, and isolation, among others, affect their physical, psychological, and social lives. The psychological consequences include depression, anxiety, difficulty in establishing social relationships, low self-esteem, and even suicide.
- ÍtemAcceso AbiertoEficacia de la terapia cognitivo conductual frente a la Equinoterapia en niños con autismo.(Universidad Católica de Cuenca., 2024) Crespo Rodríguez , Freddy; Sarango Bravo , Priscila; Arévalo Proaño, Claudia; 0150219814; 0105025951Introduction: Autism spectrum disorder (ASD) is a neurobiological disorder caused by various abnormalities in the brain. This leads to multifaceted impairments that affect their development and social functioning. Therefore, CBT (cognitive-behavioral therapy) and equine therapy are the most widely used treatments for this condition. Objective: To evaluate the effectiveness of CBT versus equine treatment in children with autism aged 6 to 12 years. Methodology: The research design was a qualitative systematic review based on the Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Reviews and Meta-Analyses (PRISMA). Results: The randomized clinical trials examined in this research demonstrated that CBT is a first-line treatment as it has shown its effectiveness in reducing ASD symptoms compared to equine therapy. Conclusions: According to several authors, CBT stands out for providing a therapeutic approach for children with ASD due to its structured and organized stimulation, significantly contributing to behavioral and cognitive aspects. Similarly, equine therapy contributes to improvements in the symptoms of this pathology, offering a better quality of life in the child and adolescent population.
- ÍtemAcceso AbiertoEfectos del maltrato infantil en el desempeño académico de niños y niñas(Universidad Católica de Cuenca., 2024) Alvarado Armijos , Erika; Torres Moscoso, Amanda; 1104829070Child abuse is a worldwide mental health problem, characterized by intentional harm or mistreatment of a child under 18 years of age, bringing with it consequences, which currently affect society and mainly the area of academic performance of this population. Therefore, the attribution of studies regarding this problem is of utmost importance. This research aimed to analyze the effects of child abuse on the academic performance of boys and girls. Articles available in different databases such as Scopus, Web of Science, Redalyc, SciELO, and PubMed were considered, using the Boolean operators AND, OR, and NOT for the search, and keywords in Spanish such as child abuse, effects, and academic performance. Subsequently, the articles were selected according to the research objective, excluding those that did not contain relevant information. Through the analysis of these articles, it was concluded that girls are more likely than boys to receive child abuse, which has an impact on the correct learning process of a minor, especially on academic performance. Additionally, it presents consequences, such as the presence of disorders (post-traumatic stress, depression, anxiety, substance use, difficulty concentrating, presence of dissocial behaviors, and hostility, among others). These consequences can be seen in more than 50% of boys and girls who are victims of mistreatment either in their homes or schools.
- ÍtemAcceso AbiertoSalud mental en personas víctimas de violencia de género. Un análisis bibliográfico.(Universidad Católica de Cuenca., 2024) Fernández Guillén , Camila; Mazón Avila, Juan; 0750062960Introduction: The mental health of victims of gender violence is one of the most significant problems, especially in the female population. Those who are victims of gender violence face a variety of psychological and emotional impacts as a result of these episodes. Objective: To identify the relationship between mental health in victims of gender violence. Methodology: A descriptive approach was used, and the search strategy was based on various bibliographic sources of scientific research, including Web of Science, PubMed, and SCOPUS. This approach was carried out using a careful selection of keywords in both Spanish and English. Results: Gender violence directly affects the psychological and emotional state of people who suffer such violence, increasing significantly in physical, psychological, and sexual aspects, becoming a major mental health problem of people subjected to this mistreatment that in society is increasing at an alarming rate, the affected population tends to suffer symptoms that harm their mental health, affecting anxiety disorders, depression, and post-traumatic stress. Conclusion: It is important to mention that the most significant types of violence in this study were physical, psychological, and sexual violence, highlighting how intimate partner violence negatively affects women’s mental health, increasing the possibility of suffering disorders such as depression, anxiety, post-traumatic stress, suicide attempts, and drug abuse.
- ÍtemAcceso AbiertoAdicción a los videojuegos en adolescentes.(Universidad Católica de Cuenca., 2024) Yánez Fernandéz , Cristian; Padilla Samaniego, María; 0302543970Introduction. Excessive video game use in adolescents has become an addictive behavior that triggers a significant impact on their well-being and quality of life. Objective. To determine video game addiction in adolescents. Methodology. A quality descriptive literature review was conducted, employing Web of Science, Scopus, SciELO, Redalyc, and Dialnet databases, including descriptive, experimental, meta-analysis, observational narrative, cross-sectional, and systemic review studies, and also undergraduate and postgraduate theses were analyzed —only those referring to video game addiction in adolescent population—. Results. According to the chosen and evaluated studies, it was found that the lack of affection and communication with parents and personality traits, such as neuroticism, increase the risk of addiction to video games, having a considerable effect on both health psychological and physical health. Conclusion. Video game addiction in adolescents is closely related to the excessive use of technological devices and, in particular, video games. From an early age, people begin to use these devices, contributing to video game dependence becoming a prevalent problem during adolescence. It has been identified that the population most susceptible to this addiction are men aged between 11 and 18 years old.
