Factores de riesgo y tratamiento profiláctico en pacientes pediátricos por infección de citomegalovirus post trasplante renal

Abstract

Introduction: Cytomegalovirus (CMV) is one of the main agents responsible for morbidity and mortality in the pediatric population after having undergone kidney transplantation. Cytomegalovirus infection represents one of the most frequent complications in these patients and its severity arose from the immune status against the virus between the donor and the recipient; Children generally present immunosuppression after receiving a kidney transplant, so adequate preventive treatment can be very helpful to stabilize the health of these patients and thus avoid sequelae or long-term complications. Objective: To describe the main risk factors and the appropriate prophylactic treatment in pediatric patients due to cytomegalovirus infection after a kidney transplant. Methodology: The present investigation has as a study design a narrative bibliographic review through the compilation of scientific articles obtained from databases in a time interval between 2018 - 2023, through the corresponding inclusion and exclusion criteria. Results: Impermeable status, recipient and donor serology, and recipient age were among the various risk factors found. On the other hand, the drugs valganciclovir and ganciclovir were the prophylactic treatment of choice for post-transplant children, demonstrating a relative significance to avoid longterm sequelae and thus avoid morbidity and mortality in the pediatric population.