Utilización de células madre para el tratamiento de pacientes con osteogénesis imperfecta

Abstract

Introduction: Osteogenesis imperfecta is a disease in which a group of connective tissue disorders occur and result in skeletal abnormalities characterized by bone fragility and deformation. This pathology presents with a higher density of bone mineralization that is accompanied by a low bone mass, which will cause fragility, skeletal deformations and repeated fractures. Currently the therapeutic approach is diverse, but new treatment methods have emerged such as the use of stem cells. The aim of this review is to explain the characteristics of stem cell treatment for patients with osteogenesis imperfecta. Material and method: a bibliographic search was carried out through the use of indexed journals obtained from scientific search engines such as: PubMed, ScienceDirect and SpringerLink. Results: it was found that stem cells have a great capacity to differentiate into local components, which helps them to secrete cytokines, chemokines, and growth factors that are essential for tissue regeneration; In addition, those that present better results are of fetal origin and that have been administered early in children. Conclusions: the current approach to stem cell treatment in patients with osteogenesis imperfecta continues to be experimental, despite the beneficial results that have been obtained, and all this as a result of certain ethical and safety considerations that have arisen in various studies.