Evaluación de la calidad del agua en sistemas de riego y como afectaría a la calidad del suelo y distribución del agua

Abstract

Research on water quality in irrigation systems and its influence on soil quality and water distribution is vital to ensure environmental sustainability and food security in the province of Azuay. Comprehensive analyses were conducted in three critical irrigation systems in the region: San Joaquín, Checa-Sidcay-Ricaurte, and Chicticay-Paute. Evaluation methods included measuring physical, chemical, and microbiological parameters, classifying water according to Ministerial Agreement 097-A, and determining the Water Quality Index (WQI) at each sampling point along the studied canals. Results revealed that levels of contaminants were present at various sampling points in the irrigation systems, with most parameters exceeding permissible limits set by Ecuadorian and international regulations. Furthermore, a correlation was identified between irrigation water quality and soil quality and potential adverse effects on water distribution in areas where irrigation canals are located. This study contributes to understanding the relationship between water quality and potential impacts on soil and water distribution in agricultural irrigation systems, providing valuable information for decision-making and implementing environmental management policies in the province of Azuay.