Desnutrición y factores de riesgo en preescolares

Abstract

Background: Malnutrition is a global public health problem that has caused approximately 60% of deaths in children under 5, being associated with risk factors such as social, economic, psychological and cultural, that either positively or negatively influence the health of the child. General Objective: To describe child malnutrition and its risk factors in preschool children Methodology: This is a narrative scientific documentary review, conducted through data queries from the Online Electronic Scientific Library SCIELO and SCOPUS, following the modified PRISMA sequencing, considering publications from the last 5 years of scientific bases and including words approved by the DeCS such as malnutrition, risk factors, children and preschoolers. Results: After a thorough review, it was found that the prevalence of childhood malnutrition in preschoolers remains a health problem worldwide, among the most relevant risk factors were: sex, age of the mother, level of education of heads of household, level of education, socio-economic level and occupation, eating habits and demographic factors. Conclusion: According to the studies analyzed, it was shown that despite the interventions, there has been no significant improvement in the statistics of child malnutrition at the global and national levels, determining that the main risk factors causing it were social, socio-economic, educational level of the mother or caregiver and the environment where preschoolers live.