Impacto de la colonoscopía en la detección precoz del cáncer colorrectal en población masculina”. Revisión bibliográfica

Abstract

Background: Cancer is one of the leading causes of death worldwide. Among them we have colorectal cancer, with its acronym CRC, which is the second most common cancer in men and the third in women. Detection and surveillance by endoscopic processes have been implemented because men have a higher risk and higher rates of adenomas, advanced adenomas and CRC compared to women. Colonoscopy is the preferred method because it can detect preneoplastic lesions and eliminate them. Objective: To describe the impact of colonoscopy for the early detection of colorectal cancer in the male population. Method: Narrative literature review. Results: About half of the population with neoplasms or CRC detected are men with a mean age of 50.9 years; localized adenomas are found in the distal colon in more than 50% of patients. A healthy lifestyle and recurrent controls have been associated with longer and recurrence-free survival. Among the most commonly used clinical methods to detect this neoplasm are white light colonoscopy, high definition virtual chromoendoscopy, standard colonoscopy and AI-assisted colonoscopy, these methods that allow early detection of CRC, manage to decrease the mortality rate. Conclusions: Medical findings have shown that colonoscopy reduces the incidence and mortality of colorectal cancer significantly, making it currently the preferred method for detecting adenomas and CRC.