Factores de riesgo asociados a la infección por el Virus del Papiloma Humano en América: Revisión Sistemática.

Abstract

Human Papillomavirus (HPV) is a group of microorganisms that can be transmitted to the human host through intimate sexual relations, whether oral, vaginal, or anal. The contagion of this pathogen is highly prevalent in almost the entire sexually active population, regardless of gender, sexual orientation, or gender identity. Objective: To determine the factors associated with Human Papillomavirus infection in America. Methodology: A systematic review of the meta-study descriptive type was conducted under a mixed approach, considering 30 publications from scientific databases such as Web of Science, Medline/Scopus, LILACS, PubMed, SciELO, and Redalyc. Results: The main factors associated with HPV infection in the American region include engaging in sexual activity at an early age, having intimate relations with multiple partners without any protection method, reluctance towards vaccination from an early age, lack of sexual education, cultural identity, migratory movements, multiparity, immune system problems, precarious living conditions, psychoactive substance consumption, family history, and inadequate health policies. Conclusions: The most significant impact of HPV development in the American Continent is related to oncological diseases. At a low-risk level, implications include the appearance of warts in the genital, throat, anus, and mouth.