Actualización de complicaciones postquirúrgicas de colecistectomía laparoscópica

Abstract

Laparoscopic cholecystectomy (LC) is a surgical procedure that involves the removal of the gallbladder. It is commonly used as the standard treatment for various diseases related to the biliary tract, being cholelithiasis or gallstones the main and most frequent ones; other indications for this procedure are also: cholecystitis, biliary pancreatitis, tumors, and others. There is a low risk of post-surgical complications when using this approach compared to conventional cholecystectomy; despite this, it is not exempt from causing adverse effects. This is the case with post-surgical complications, in which various risk factors such as patient comorbidities, age, sex, and the evolution time of the pathology intervene. The adverse events after surgery are established as 1) Immediate: we will find mild ones, such as infection of the operative site and seromas; moderate: hemorrhage, fistula, and hernia; and severe ones, such as bile duct injury, vascular injury, hollow viscus injury and fistulas, and the complications 2) Mediates that refer to postcholecystectomy syndromes. It is necessary to be aware of all these unwanted effects that could arise to have early detection and adequate treatment.