Intervenviones de enfermería en pacientes con endometrosis en latinoamérica

Abstract

Endometriosis is a benign chronic disease that affects 5 to 10% of women of reproductive age and is the most frequent cause of infertility. Objective: to analyze the prevalence of endometriosis, associated factors, complications, therapeutic approach, and finally, the application of the nursing care process. Methodology: A bibliographic review of scientific articles was carried out, which were obtained from Redalyc, SciELO, Flasog, ProQuest, PubMed, Medigraphyc, Elsevier, African Journals Online, Evidence-Based Nursing Research, Update, as well as WHO official pages, and the use of different entities and health organizations with recognition at a Latin American level. Results: Worldwide prevalence of endometriosis is as follows: Spain 2 million, Brazil 7 million, Mexico 1.7 million, Peru 25.6 %, and Ecuador 1027 cases. The associated factors are genetic, environmental, pathological family history, early menarche, infertility, hypermenorrhea, polymenorrhea, prolonged exposure to estrogens, multiparity, red meat, and trans fats intake, and history of pelvic inflammation. The therapeutic approach consists of administering non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drugs, combined oral contraceptives, progesterone, hysterectomy, oophorectomy, and laparoscopy. Complications are chronic pelvic pain, dyspareunia, urinary tract involvement, and infertility. Nursing interventions aim to optimize the quality of life of the patient suffering from this pathology, reduce pain, avoid aggravation, achieve pregnancy, and prevent psychological alterations. Conclusions: Nursing care plays a significant role in the care of women with endometriosis as it focuses on improving and monitoring the quality of the patient in terms of diagnosis and treatment.