Diagnóstico y tratamiento de Parkinson Juvenil

Abstract

Introduction: Juvenile Parkinson's disease is a neurodegenerative condition of very low prevalence. The pathophysiological mechanism involves the accumulation of Lewy bodies, causing significant neuronal damage and resulting in signs and symptoms predominantly motor; depending on its location in the brain, it also presents non-motor symptoms. Genetic and therapeutic research has discovered new points of origin for the disease and identified better treatment options; although not curative, these treatments can improve the quality of life for patients suffering from this disease, which is of utmost importance due to its manifestation at a young age. Objective: To analyze the diagnosis and treatment related to juvenile Parkinson's disease through a bibliographic review. Method: This research project is based on a literature review with a qualitative methodological approach and descriptive scope; various databases such as PubMed, Scopus, Taylor & Francis, Google Scholar, and SciELO were employed. Conclusions: Primary juvenile Parkinson's disease is the most prevalent, and genetic tests have identified PARK2, ATP13A2, and DNAJC6 as the most important genes in its etiology. Treatment focuses on the early use of dopamine agonist drugs, such as levodopa, along with physical therapy and rehabilitation for motor functions. Disease-modifying therapy is still under study.