Intervenciones de enfermería en pacientes pediátricos con enfermedad celiaca a nivel mundial

Abstract

Celiac disease (CD) is a disease caused by gluten intolerance; in pediatric patients, it causes anemia, growth retardation, or malnutrition. Currently, the only treatment that can reverse the effects of CD is the gluten-free diet (GFD) and patients with CD must maintain this diet for life. Methods: A narrative literature review was carried out, including case studies, descriptive, retrospective, comparative observational studies, and clinical trials. The search for scientific articles was carried out in databases such as Scopus, Ovid, Science Direct, Scielo, Redalyc, and PubMed, using the health science descriptors in Spanish and English; 50 articles were analyzed, of which 46 answered the research questions. Results: CD is of high recurrence worldwide, with 1% prevalence, it is associated with factors such as autoimmune thyroid disease, type 1 diabetes mellitus, Down syndrome, and Turner syndrome; its treatment is based on DLG, and the most common complications in children are growth alterations, malnutrition, and anemia; the nursing team plays a decisive role in the diagnosis, control, and support in the treatment of the pathology. Conclusion: The nursing staff should apply the nursing process in a timely, safe, and humane manner to avoid complications and increase the quality of life of the child with CD and his or her home through education and follow-up of the treatment of DLG.