Asociación entre Porphyromonas gingivalis y enfermedad de Alzheimer

Abstract

ntroduction: Periodontal Disease (PD) has long been linked to various inflammatory, chronic, and immunological diseases, such as heart disease or diabetes. However, recently, there has been increasing scientific interest in the bidirectional relationship that may exist between PD and the presence, as well as the progression, of Alzheimer's Disease (AD). It is hypothesized that the infiltration of oral microorganisms, primarily Porphyromona gingivalis, into the bloodstream, which subsequently reaches the brain, causes inflammatory and neurodegenerative processes related to AD. Objectives: To determine the association between Porphyromonas gingivalis and Alzheimer's Disease in older adults. Methods: A literature review will be carried out using different databases such as SciELO, PubMed, EBSCO, Hindawi, and Elsevier, among others, focusing on studies no more than 10 years old, centered on older adult patients who have presented both periodontal and Alzheimer's disease. Results and Conclusions: Evidence suggests that gingipains produced by P. gingivalis may contribute to the formation of amyloid plaques in the brain and nerve cell damage characteristic of Alzheimer's Disease. It has also been observed that P. gingivalis can enter the brain and stimulate a local immune response. While the association is promising, further research is needed to confirm and develop effective treatments.