Efectividad del uso de inhibidores del cotransportador de sodio – glucosa 2 en la nefropatía diabética

Abstract

Introduction: Diabetic nephropathy is considered a microvascular complication with a 25-fold increased risk of chronic renal failure. Among the treatment alternatives, sodium-glucose cotransporter 2 inhibitors have shown a decrease in glycosylated hemoglobin (HbA1c) and favorable effects on the kidney. Therefore, inhibitors have begun to show additional benefits on renal prognosis in patients with diabetic nephropathy. With proper use, the prognosis of diabetic nephropathy is expected to improve over the next 20 years.

General Objetive: To describe the efficacy of the use of sodium-glucose cotransporter 2 inhibitors in patients with diabetic nephropathy.

Methodology: A narrative literature review was carried out using search engines such as Pubmed, Scopus, Scielo, Science Direct, Uptodate, and studies published from 2018 to 2022. The PRISMA diagram was applied with an initial sample of 50 articles considering 31 which were used in the present work.

Results: 10 articles were selected. The results obtained detail the sodium-glucose cotransporter 2 inhibitors as a new family significantly considered by the scientific community due to their capacity to reduce cardio-renal risk and avoid medical complications.

Conclusions: The sodium-glucose cotransporter 2 inhibitors offer cardiovascular and renal benefit, the most evidence from a retrospective trial show that canagliflozin rents diabetic kidney disease, making it feasible to use in these patients taking into account the optional criteria adopted according to the patient's need.