Tratamiento ortopédico en maloclusión clase III con dentición permanente. Reporte de caso

Abstract

Class III malocclusion is preceded by a series of environmental and local factors that cause morphological and functional changes in the dental pieces, muscles, and bones. This is due to mandibular prognathism, maxillary retrognathism, or an alteration of both. It is one of the most complex malocclusions to treat, so an adequate diagnosis and treatment plan must be established. The clinical case aimed to demonstrate the dento-skeletal changes in an orthopedic treatment for Class III malocclusion with permanent dentition. Initially, an orthopedic treatment was suggested, involving rapid expansion of the maxilla using a Hyrax-type disjunctor, followed by the protraction of the maxilla with a Pettit facial mask to redirect it forward. After 6 months of treatment, the objectives were achieved, resulting in an increased 2 protrusion of 2mm, an increased vertical overpass of 0.5mm, and a maxillary advancement of 3.4mm. Additionally, the superior transverse discrepancy improved, leading to clinical changes in the facial profile and prominence of the malar bones. To obtain the desired results, the cooperation and responsibility of the patient were crucial, as patients of this age group can be reluctant to use this type of appliance. Therefore, parental support is highly recommended.