Sedacción en odontología. Una revisión bibliográfica

Abstract

OBJECTIVE: To analyze the usefulness of conscious sedation in the dental area through a review of the literature. MATERIALS AND METHODS: A selection of articles was made to make a reflexive and critical analysis of original documents from the last 5 years, corresponding to scientific bases such as: Google academic, Web of Science, Scielo, PubMed, Scopus and Ebscohost. A total of 45 studies published in languages ​​such as Spanish, English and Portuguese were accepted. The inclusion criteria used in the study were full access texts, articles that belong to the dental research area and 9 articles were rejected for being incomplete texts, 13 investigations did not correspond to the last 5 years of publication and 11 that were not related to the topic. For the selection of information, MeSH and DeCs descriptors were used. RESULTS: It was determined that there is an important group of sedatives, useful in the clinical dental field, including midazolam, nitrous oxide, sevoflurane, ketamine, propofol and fentanyl, drugs that can be adapted to the characteristics of the procedure and the patient's profile; therefore, they can be administered by different routes and their dose will depend on the type of treatment and its duration. CONCLUSION: Conscious sedation constitutes a useful alternative for reducing the patient's inappropriate behavior in dental procedures, in addition, it allows the dental professional to provide effective and efficient care.