Trabajos de Titulación - Economía
URI permanente para esta colecciónhttps://dspace.ucacue.edu.ec/handle/ucacue/10724
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Item type: Ítem , Access status: Acceso Abierto , Proyecto de Titulación embargado con fines de publicación de impacto.(Universidad Católica de Cuenca., 2026) Morales Albarracín, María PazItem type: Ítem , Access status: Acceso Abierto , “Elasticidad precio de la demanda de los principales componentes del consumo de los hogares ecuatorianos: Un análisis del impacto de un aumento del IVA al 15%.”(Universidad Católica de Cuenca., 2026) Nieto Pauta, Vicente RafaelThis study aims to estimate the price elasticities of demand for the main consumer goods of Ecuadorian households using the Almost Ideal Demand System (AIDS) and the Quadratic Almost Ideal Demand System (QUAIDS) models, as well as to assess the potential impact of an increase in the Value Added Tax (VAT) to 15% on their consumption patterns. Estimating these elasticities allows for the identification of the degree of sensitivity of consumption to changes in relative prices and the analysis of households’ responses to tax policy changes. The analysis is based on microdata from the National Household Income and Expenditure Survey for Urban and Rural Areas (ENIGHUR by its Spanish acronym), conducted by the National Institute of Statistics and Census (INEC, by its Spanish acronm) for the 2011–2012 period. The results show that the demand for goods among Ecuadorian households exhibits varying degrees of elasticity in response to the increase in VAT to 15%. Some products display inelastic behavior, while others show greater price sensitivity, confirming the existence of limited substitution between food items and differentiated effects of the tax on consumption.Item type: Ítem , Access status: Acceso Abierto , Proyecto de Titulación embargado con fines de publicación de impacto.(Universidad Católica de Cuenca., 2026) Hidalgo Gavilanes, Christian RoberthItem type: Ítem , Access status: Acceso Abierto , “El caso de la CAN y los países ALC4 (1990-2023).”(Universidad Católica de Cuenca., 2026) Idrovo Matute, Pablo AndrésThis study analyzes external macroeconomic vulnerability in the Andean Community (CAN, by its Spanish acronym) and the ALC4 group from 1990 to 2023 through the construction of an External Macroeconomic Vulnerability Index (EMVI). To this end, seven representative indicators of external exposure and capacity to absorb international shocks were selected, including determinants of debt, international reserves, and capital flows. Using Principal Component Analysis (PCA), a static index was estimated for the entire period, and a dynamic index was calculated under an eight-year rolling window framework. The results show that three components explain 75% of the total variance, with external debt standing out as the main structural dimension of vulnerability. The comparison between both approaches reveals a persistent structural dimension and a temporal dimension associated with crisis episodes such as the 2008–2009 global financial crisis and the shock resulting from the COVID-19 pandemic.Item type: Ítem , Access status: Acceso Abierto , “Competitividad Sectorial: Un análisis comparativo entre el sector primario y secundario del Ecuador en el periodo 2018 – 2023.”(Universidad Católica de Cuenca., 2026) Reyes Novillo , Deyaneira AnahíThe study analyzes differences in competitiveness between Ecuador's primary and secondary sectors during 2018-2023. It is based on the work of Porter, Romer, and Krugman, who link competitiveness to productivity and the structure of the economy. A quantitative longitudinal approach was employed, using panel data models estimated with fixed and random effects based on the Hausman test, with sector-level robust errors. The results reveal persistent structural gaps between sectors. In the labor cost competitiveness model, investment and the minimum wage were significant, reflecting the importance of productivity and formalization. In the index of productive specialization, investment was found to be correlated with diversification processes, whereas in the coverage ratio, gross fixed capital formation had a negative short-term effect. It is concluded that sectoral competitiveness is primarily driven by structural factors associated with capital accumulation, productivity, and external integration.Item type: Ítem , Access status: Acceso Abierto , “Evolución y determinantes del empleo informal en el Ecuador: un análisis econométrico para las principales ciudades del país periodo 2019-2024”(Universidad Católica de Cuenca., 2026) Yambay Yuquilema , Jessica MaribelThis study aims to analyze the evolution and determinants of informal employment in Ecuador during 2019–2024 in the country’s main cities. The study is based on labor market dualism theories, which explain the persistence of informality as a result of structural segmentations in employment. The Probit model is used to estimate changes in the probability of informal employment during the period 2019–2024, based on repeated cross-sectional databases. The results indicate the largest increases for 2024 in the cities of Cuenca (9.16 percentage points [pp]), Machala (8.79 pp), and Guayaquil (7.70 pp). Furthermore, informal employment is significantly influenced by individual and labor characteristics, in which educational level has a negative effect; that is, a higher level of education reduces the probability of entering informal employment by 3.5 percentage points. Similarly, the sectoral composition of economic activity has a varying impact on labor market participation, as residing in an urban area reduces this probability by 11.4 percentage points compared to rural areas. The study confirms that informal employment remains a persistent problem in Ecuador’s labor market, highlighting the need for policies aimed at improving job quality.Item type: Ítem , Access status: Acceso Abierto , “Incidencia del salario mínimo en el empleo informal por sectores económicos en Ecuador durante el período 2011–2024”(Universidad Católica de Cuenca, 2026) Pilay Quizhpi , María IsabelItem type: Ítem , Access status: Acceso Abierto , Proyecto de Titulación embargado con fines de publicación de impacto.(Universidad Católica de Cuenca, 2026) Perez Reyes, Yaritza AnahiItem type: Ítem , Access status: Acceso Abierto , “Influencia del comercio bilateral interindustrial entre Ecuador y la Unión Europea en la dependencia de commodities durante el período 2003-2023”(Universidad Católica de Cuenca, 2026) Andrade Chica, Juan FernandoThis study analyzes the effect of the bilateral inter-industrial trade pattern between Ecuador and the European Union on commodity dependence during the period 2003–2023. The analysis draws on the main theories of international trade and development in order to evaluate the extent to which a specialization based on traditional comparative advantages conditions the possibilities for productive diversification of the Ecuadorian economy. From a methodological standpoint, a fixed-effects panel data econometric model is employed, and the Grubel–Lloyd index is used to characterize the nature of trade in the agricultural, mining, and manufacturing sectors. The results show that, despite economic shocks, which do not exhibit statistical significance, commodity dependence responds mainly to structural factors associated with bilateral trade. Therefore, this study offers empirical findings relevant to the discussion on trade and development, showing that trade liberalization, in the absence of structural changes in the productive base, tends to strengthen historical patterns of specialization that restrict technological progress and the diversification of the country’s exports.Item type: Ítem , Access status: Acceso Abierto , Proyecto de Titulación embargado con fines de publicación de impacto.(Universidad Católica de Cuenca, 2026) Bueno Rubio, Valeria NicoleItem type: Ítem , Access status: Acceso Abierto , Proyecto de Titulación embargado con fines de publicación de impacto.(Universidad Católica de Cuenca, 2026) Córdova Tacuri, Leslie CamilaItem type: Ítem , Access status: Acceso Abierto , Proyecto de Titulación embargado con fines de publicación de impacto.(Universidad Católica de Cuenca, 2025) Zari Alvarez, Mónica LissethItem type: Ítem , Access status: Acceso Abierto , Proyecto de Titulación embargado con fines de publicación de impacto(Universidad Católica de Cuenca, 2025) Parra Guayas, Adrián SantiagoItem type: Ítem , Access status: Acceso Abierto , Proyecto de Titulación embargado con fines de publicación de impacto(Universidad Católica de Cuenca, 2025) Astudillo Solíz, Andrés MateoItem type: Ítem , Access status: Acceso Abierto , “Análisis econométrico de los cambios en el empleo entre sierra y costa de Ecuador para el periodo 2019 – 2023”(Universidad Católica de Cuenca. Carrera de Economía, 2025) Flores Lazo , David RicardoThe labor market is essential to a nation's economic and social development, as it represents the labor force and determines employment and unemployment levels. This study aims to analyze regional differences in Ecuador's labor market during 2019-2023, emphasizing changes in labor income and formal employment. To this end, two econometric models were employed: a linear regression to examine regional differences in labor income and a Probit model to analyze the probabilities of access to formal employment across regions. In addition, descriptive results are presented on the evolution of average labor income and the formal employment rate for each area. Finally, the results indicate that the Coast has experienced the most significant reduction in labor income, with negative coefficients still present in 2023. Regarding formal employment, the Amazon and the Highlands were the most affected in 2022 and 2023.Item type: Ítem , Access status: Acceso Abierto , Proyecto de Titulación embargado con fines de publicación de impacto.(Universidad Católica de Cuenca, 2025) Bermeo Siavichay , Damián AndrésItem type: Ítem , Access status: Acceso Abierto , Proyecto de Titulación embargado con fines de publicación de impacto.(Universidad Católica de Cuenca, 2025) Brito Idrovo, Nathalie Belén“Proyecto de Titulación embargado para publicación. Estará disponible a la fecha de publicación o de cierre de embargo.”Item type: Ítem , Access status: Acceso Abierto , Impacto de la Responsabilidad Social Empresarial en la decisión de compra en los estudiantes universitarios de la ciudad de Cuenca(Univeridad Católica de Cuenca, 2024) Vásquez Maza , Mariuxi AlexandraThis research aims to analyze university student’s perception of their knowledge and stance on Corporate Social Responsibility (CSR). For this purpose, a stratified sampling method was used; correlational techniques were employed, and a survey was administered to evaluate five key areas related to CSR in companies in Cuenca. The results showed a positive and statistically significant correlation, with a confidence level of 99% and a margin of error of 1%. The dimensions with the highest correlations were economic, political, environmental, and service, indicating that these factors are decisive in students' purchasing decisions. This suggests that university students value these aspects when choosing products or services from a company, highlighting their influence on purchasing decisions and evaluating corporate responsibility and sustainability.Item type: Ítem , Access status: Acceso Abierto , Análisis del empleo generado por las Asociaciones del sector popular y solidario de la Zona 6 del Ecuador.(Universidad Católica de Cuenca, 2024) Loja Gallegos , Jorge LuisThis work focuses on analyzing job creation by popular and solidarity sector associations in Zone 6 of Ecuador. Key patterns and characteristics that distinguish associations based on their capacity to generate full employment were identified through multivariate analysis techniques such as Multiple Component Analysis and clustering. The results show that certain clusters of associations, characterized by their affiliation with social security, legal benefits, and types of contracts, have a greater influence on job creation. Furthermore, the relationship between each cluster and the type of association is highlighted, leading to the main finding that agricultural associations are predominant in the first cluster, associations related to food, cleaning and maintenance, and textiles in the second cluster, while agricultural, food and textile associations dominate the third cluster. This allows for a better understanding of these organizations' role in the local economy. It can be stated that, although associativity has had a positive impact on job creation, the evidence shows that the research hypothesis regarding the creation of full employment is not fully achieved, as this depends much more on other factors such as investment levels, benefits characteristic of formality, and the implementation of public policies to strengthen less developed associations. This study provides a solid foundation for future research and the design of public policies to enhance the popular and solidarity sector.Item type: Ítem , Access status: Acceso Abierto , Análisis de los Patrones de Commuting en Ecuador y su efecto en los salarios: Un estudio de las Regiones principales del País(Universidad Católica de Cuenca, 2024) Sangolqui Iñiguez , Justin PaúlThis study analyzes commuting patterns and their effect on workers' wages in Ecuador. It uses data from the National Institute of Statistics and Census’ (2014) (INEC by its Spanish acronym) Living Conditions Survey and a Heckman selection model to correct selection bias. The research examines the demographic and mobility characteristics of commuters. It reveals that workers who commute short distances (less than one hour) have an average increase of 16.82% in their hourly earnings. In contrast, those who commute long distances do not experience a significant wage increase. These findings suggest that short-distance commuting is positively associated with higher profits. At the same time, long commutes do not offer proportional wage benefits, highlighting the importance of considering labor mobility in economic planning.
