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- ÍtemAcceso AbiertoAnálisis de la Relacion entre Crecimiento Económico y Pobreza en el Ecuador Periodo 2007 - 2017(Universidad Católica de Cuenca, 2021) Carrillo Tixi, Verónica Alexandra; Campoverde Cajas, Rosario Beatriz; 0106698467In this research, the relationship between economic growth and poverty in Ecuador in the period 2007 – 2017 is analyzed. For this, it presents theoretical approaches and definitions of growth, relevant studies of the relationship between economic growth and poverty, and then make a descriptive analysis of the evolution of economic growth and income poverty in Ecuador in the period under study. Finally, the relationship between economic growth and poverty is analyzed through econometric modeling following an approach to the methodology used by Campos and Monroy- Gómez- Franco (2016), with the variables GNP per capita and income poverty for the period under study. The results found are consistent with the literature reviewed, that is, economic growth presents an inverse relationship with income poverty that is statistically significant. This means that as the economy grows, there is an impact on poverty reduction in Ecuador for the period studied.
- ÍtemAcceso AbiertoIncidencia del Trabajo en Equipo en el Cumplimiento de Metas de las PYMES de Sector Textil en la Ciudad de Cuenca(Universidad Católica de Cuenca, 2021) Pinos Pacheco, Andrea Carolina; Campoverde Cajas, Rosario Beatriz; 0105683379Teams are an important part of a company or industry; therefore, this research aims to determine the incidence of teamwork and the achievement of goals in SMEs in the textile sector in Cuenca. The method used was deductive, because it is based on theories and analysis of administrative skills to identify the impact of teamwork on the achievement of goals and the analytical method to analyze separately the factors that affect the achievement of goals with a given planning. The instrument used was the survey, which is structured with 30 items, consisting of 3 parts. When measuring the Pearson correlation between teamwork and goal fulfillment, a score of 0.276 was obtained, interpreting it as a weak positive correlation, and the correlation between teamwork and goal clarity was -0.132, indicating a weak negative correlation. It is evident that the textile sector in Cuenca does not have a good level of teamwork in relation to goal fulfillment or goal clarity.
- ÍtemAcceso AbiertoAnálisis de la Actividad Emprendedora y Crecimiento Económico del Ecuador, periodo 2004 - 2009(Universidad Católica de Cuenca, 2022) Ortega Tuapante, Junior Laureano; Banegas Campoverde, Christian Mauricio; 0106631351Ecuador es uno de los países con mayor número de emprendimientos en la región, pues en el año 2017 alcanzó el 29,6%, superior al promedio de la región (18,5%), a pesar de ello, en los últimos años los indicadores económicos no reportan un crecimiento sostenido. En tal virtud, surge como problemática el desconocimiento de la influencia que tienen las actividades de emprendimiento en la economía del país. Por lo que, la presente investigación tiene como objetivo principal analizar el impacto que tienen los emprendimientos en los diferentes sectores en la variación del PIB del Ecuador, a través de una correlación y prueba t de student para muestras independientes. Los resultados muestran que ciertos sectores influyen directamente en el crecimiento económico, como es el de servicios, sin embargo, los emprendedores optan por el comercio por la baja inversión que representa. Código JEL: C5, C82, C87, E37
- ÍtemAcceso AbiertoAnálisis de la Contribución de las Remesas a la Disminución de la Pobreza Multidimensional en el Cantón Santa Rosa y Gualaceo: Un Análisis comparativo.(Universidad Católica de Cuenca, 2022) Torres Naranjo, Cinthia Elizabeth; Uzho Boni, Henry Oswaldo; Ugalde Vásquez, Andrés Francisco; 0705968238; 0106570435Las remesas son consideradas como una fuente importante de ingresos, que conlleva a la supervivencia de los hogares que las reciben, ayudando a satisfacer las principales necesidades básicas destinadas al consumo, vivienda, salud y educación. A su vez, se cree que las remesas llegan para aliviar las condiciones de pobreza, los impactos económicos inesperados, como también a diversificar la distribución de los ingresos. Esta investigación analiza cómo las remesas contribuyen a disminuir la pobreza multidimensional en los hogares perceptores ubicados en el cantón Santa Rosa (Provincia de El Oro) y el cantón Gualaceo (en la provincia del Azuay). Las similitudes y diferencias comparativas entre ambos fenómenos, como también el efecto mediador entre las variables de la pobreza multidimensional y las remesas. El estudio se ha desarrollado mediante el uso de una encuesta enfocada a los hogares de ambos cantones. A través del método econométrico de Mínimos Cuadrados Parciales (PLS), se concluyó que en el cantón Santa Rosa las remesas contribuyeron a una disminución en la pobreza por educación y en el cantón Gualaceo las remesas contribuyeron a una disminución en la pobreza por salud-alimentación. En ambos cantones, la variable pobreza por vivienda se relaciona con la pobreza por trabajo, es decir, la oferta laboral en el sector de la construcción está estrechamente relacionado con las condiciones de oferta de empleo. Finalmente, la variable remesas no presentó fiabilidad y consistencia frente al constructo de pobreza multidimensional, por lo que no se concluye con el análisis del segundo modelo, para ambos cantones.
- ÍtemSolo MetadatosAnálisis del comercio informal de productos agrícolas realizado por mujeres de la parroquia Sinincay, cantón Cuenca(Universidad Católica de Cuenca, 2023) Sichiqui Pauta, Ronald Armando; Marcillo Chasy, Jennifer; 0104790522Considering the growing number of women farmers in informal commerce in different instances in Latin America and the lack of information on these groups as well as the challenges they face, the aim is to define the processes of marketing agricultural products and their characteristics, in terms of the food supply system, marketing processes, transportation and the use of public space. Under a mixed methodological design, data from a sample of agricultural women belonging to the Sinincay parish, canton Cuenca, was obtained, and using the technique of multiple factor analysis, the data of the groups of variables were analyzed individually and as a whole, which provided information on individuals or homogeneous groups. The presence of married and single women who have leased or owned land without debt and are dedicated exclusively to agricultural activities was highlighted.
- ÍtemSolo MetadatosPuntuación de crédito de los socios de la Cooperativa de Ahorro y Crédito Jardín Azuayo mediante regresión logística del periodo 2016 al 2019(Universidad Católica de Cuenca, 2023) Maldonado Ambrosi, Andrea Elizabeth; Covri Rivera, Daniele; 0106176555This paper aims to estimate an econometric model for the credit score of the members of the "Cooperativa de Ahorro y Crédito Jardín Azuayo" from 2016 to 2019. For this, the cooperative provided a database with forty-one variables, of which only twelve were selected. More than 36 thousand observations were estimated, having the delinquency variable as the response variable. First, a theoretical review of the popular and solidarity economic sector, its financial sector, credits in popular finance, credit scoring, and Logit models was carried out. Then, a Logit model was estimated by determining that the only variable that has no impact on the dependent variable is the number of credits. The null hypothesis was rejected because most of the variable categories were significant. The model has a predictive capacity of 82% of the observations
- ÍtemSolo MetadatosPobreza y violencia de género espacial en provincias del Ecuador durante el periodo 2015 – 2022.(Universidad Católica de Cuenca, 2023) Romero Apolo, Lester Alexander; Marcillo Chasy, Jennifer Nathaly; 0706409935Given the constant cases of gender violence in Ecuador and in the world, and the inefficient public policies that are based on wrong inputs to confront this phenomenon, the aim is to expose poverty as a factor that favors scenarios of violence against women; in this way, the cause could be treated to reduce the effect that leads to violence. The present analysis is developed based on the cases typified as violence against women according to the records of the Judiciary Council, in conjunction with the poverty indices obtained from the Employment, Unemployment, and Underemployment Survey (ENEMDU, in its Spanish acronym) for the period 2015 - 2022. A spatial correlation analysis determined a positive relationship between cases of gender violence and poverty, specifically in the provinces of Orellana and Pastaza, which stand out for presenting a strongly similar pattern among neighbors.
- ÍtemSolo MetadatosEl rol de la asociatividad como determinante en la morosidad de créditos(Universidad Católica de Cuenca, 2023) Palaguachi Montesdeoca, Marco Ivan; Catillo Ortega, Yonimiler; 0105266456This research aims to determine the influence of associativity on loan payment arrears among the affiliates of the “Cooperativa Jardín Azuayo.” For this purpose, a database of 115,825 observations was used. The information provided by the Cooperative included the variables of associativity, arrears, age, spouse's income, education level, gender, residential area, and member's income. By applying the Logit model, it was possible to determine that the level of education, age, and member's and spouse's income have a negative effect on the probability of becoming a defaulter. However, the variables of associativity, residential area, and marital status have a positive probability of influencing a client's arrears. The immediate result was that the clients in associativity were more likely to be in arrears.
- ÍtemAcceso AbiertoAnálisis del rendimiento e inclusión financiera en zonas rurales del cantón de Cuenca.(Universidad Católica de Cuenca, 2023) Parra Cabrera, Joseline Gabriela; Marcillo Chasy, Jennifer Nathaly; 0107131864The general objective of this article is to determine the performance and financial inclusion of rural sectors in Cuenca, given the identification of problems regarding their assets, portfolio balances, savings collection, and the limited supply of financial products from Popular and Solidarity Economy (EPS) actors. An observational, retrospective, descriptive, and correlational methodology was used, taking sixty-two Savings and Credit Cooperatives (COACs) by its acronym in Spanish in the province of Azuay as the population for the statistical analysis of Principal Components (PCA). For the survey, the population between the ages of 16 to 64 was interviewed, which under a finite sample was established at 384 individuals. The results obtained highlight the high correlation between the study variables in determining the financial performance of cooperatives in the rural sector, also showing that the COACs generate inclusion processes with greater "depth of outreach" through a greater physical presence than conventional financial institutions. As a result, new lines of research are being developed to solve the current conflicts and decision-making regarding financial performance in the rural area of Cuenca.
- ÍtemAcceso AbiertoEl impacto social del desempleo juvenil en el Ecuador durante el periodo 2000 al 2021(Universidad Católica de Cuenca, 2023) Arias Brito, Andrea Verónica; Mendieta Andrade, Patricio Esteban; 0105875868This article analyzes the social impact of youth unemployment in Ecuador for the period 2000 - 2021. For this purpose, a social impact indicator is generated as the dependent variable, using the multivariate principal component analysis technique based on the social variables of the Economic Commission for Latin America and the Caribbean. On the other hand, the explanatory variable is youth unemployment, a characteristic of people between 15 and 24 years of age. The data are expressed on an annual basis, and the regression is carried out by Bayesian estimation, implementing Monte Carlo Markov chains to deal with a sample with few observations. As predicted by the theory, the results indicate that youth unemployment has a negative social impact. Post-estimation diagnostic tests confirm the robustness of this finding so that public policies should be oriented toward promoting youth employment.
- ÍtemAcceso AbiertoSistema de Gestión Logístico para el Proceso de Comercialización del Sector Textil Artesanal del Cantón Gualaceo(Universidad Católica de Cuenca, 2023) Espinoza Jiménez, Sheyla Micaela; Rosales Namicela, Mónica Briggith; 0705750206This article examines the logistics management for the commercialization process of the handicraft textile sector in Gualaceo canton. The first part of this research is descriptive and wants to show the theories and concepts inherent to this vital topic, as well as the existing options for the artisans to fulfill such activities. The second part is quantitative and is based on a survey directed to the administrators or managers of the artisan centers in Gualaceo canton. The survey found that the main difficulties faced by artisans include the lack of specialized personnel, with 68% of responses; the medium/low knowledge of the commercialization processes, with 85% of responses; and the management of payments and collections, with 58% of responses. On the other hand, 45% of respondents indicated excessive bureaucracy in administrative processes, and of these, 53% highlighted the low budget allocated to marketing their products. All the artisans point out the need to strengthen relationships with knowledgeable suppliers in logistics; also, 98% mention that the technological component should be improved by incorporating package tracking systems.
- ÍtemAcceso AbiertoEstimación del ciclo económico de Ecuador. Período 2000-2021(Universidad Católica de Cuenca., 2023) Arévalo Delgado, David Renato; Vásquez Corral, David Bernardo; 0104477666This study analyzes the behavior of Ecuador's economic cycle concerning the components of economic activity, oil revenues, and remittances sent from abroad for the period 2000-2021. The Baxter-King filter and the results obtained with the Hodrick-Prescott filter were contrasted. Among the main findings, it is evident that consumption, public spending, investment, exports, imports, and oil revenues are pro-cyclical, while remittances show the opposite behavior. Finally, in the temporality analysis, the results differ in the filters; however, the Baxter-King filter adheres better to the economic theory.
- ÍtemAcceso AbiertoInflación y su relación con la actividad económica(Universidad Católica de Cuenca, 2023) Alvarado Guamán, Rodrigo José; Castillo Ortega, Yonimiler; 1150362273This study aims to analyze the relationship between inflation and economic activity in Ecuador during 2005-2019. The study is based on data from the Central Bank of Ecuador and the National Institute of Statistics and Census. The research is of a quantitative, non-experimental, longitudinal type, with a correlational and descriptive scope. The data are monthly and quarterly, the former because inflation is related to the short-term economic activity index as a proxy for the economy, and the latter because the gross domestic product and the unemployment rate are later taken as measures of the economy to relate them also to inflation. Three models were developed for monthly and quarterly data: simple linear regression with ordinary least squares, autoregressive with distributed lags, and autoregressive vectors. The results indicate that, at a monthly frequency, there is no relationship between inflation and economic activity. In contrast, with quarterly frequency, there is a relationship between inflation and economic activity in Ecuador.
- ÍtemAcceso AbiertoPrácticas ambientales en la gestión de los GADS municipales en el período 2017-2020. Un análisis multivariado.(Universidad Católica de Cuenca, 2023) Buñay Heredia, Edison Efraín; Marcillo Chasy, Jennifer Nathaly; 0302666797This study focuses on determining the environmental practices in managing Municipal Decentralized Autonomous Governments in Ecuador (2017-2020), specifically on water and solid waste issues. Through the Factor Analysis, Mixed Data (FAMD) with Multiple Correspondence Analysis (MCA), and Principal Component Analysis (PCA) methods, the interaction between various variables over 2017-2020 was investigated. The results revealed patterns and trends in water and solid waste management, highlighting successful practices and persistent challenges. Regarding water, three cantons were recognized with various approaches, from treatment to catchment infrastructure. On the other hand, in solid waste, 14 municipalities were determined with effective approaches to treatment and sorting. At the same time, areas with opportunities for improvement in waste management were identified. This analysis provides critical information for informed decision-making in local government management to promote more environmental practices to contribute to the country's sustainable development.
- ÍtemSolo MetadatosDeterminantes de la morosidad en los cantones de la zona 6 según la actividad económica caso cooperativa Jardín Azuayo, periodo 2016-2021(Universidad Católica de Cuenca, 2023) Castro Cabrera, María Magdalena; Marcillo Chasy, Jennifer Nathaly; 0105892533This paper aims to establish the determinants of credit delinquency at “Jardín Azuayo” SACCO during 2016-2021 using variable characteristics of debtors such as demographic, financial, and credit granted. Firstly, a literature review establishes that macroeconomic factors (GDP, unemployment rate, inflation, wages, and exchange rate, among others) are closely related to the credit delinquency rate. Similarly, microeconomic factors that explain delinquency were identified and are used in this research. This study used 75,914 observations which, through the application of the logistic model (Logit), showed that variables such as loan amount, interest rate, the method of payment, loan term, number of loans within the institution, type of guarantee, debtor's occupation, and economic activity are related to the delinquency rate. Finally, in the presence of unbalanced data, the Smote algorithm was applied to improve the estimation, showing the change in the effect, from negative to positive, of household activities such as employers and transport-storage on delinquency and the positive relationship of agriculture, livestock, fishing, and forestry with the study variable is also significant.
- ÍtemAcceso AbiertoAnálisis de la innovación de las MiPymes de la CAPIA(Universidad Católica de Cuenca, 2023) Orellana Orellana, Edison Xavier; Ortiz Lazo, Diego Fernando; 0106142839This scientific article aims to analyze innovation development in the MSMEs of the Chamber of Commerce of the Small Industry of Azuay (CAPIA by its Spanish acronym). For these purposes, theories and concepts of innovation in MSMEs were presented, and indicators were established to measure innovation: economic, effectiveness, culture, and intensity. This research used a descriptive, documentary, and field methodology with a quantitative approach that established these entities' innovation levels through a survey applied to 94 MSMEs in Azuay. In fact, as a result, it was found that 44.7% of the entities are innovative and 37.1% are highly innovative, of which food companies, and graphic industries, among others, are more remarkable. Concerning the few innovators, 25% refers to the chemical industry, 17.65% to ICTs and services, 9.09% to clothing, and 40% to wood and cork. Therefore, it is concluded that these entities need accompaniment and technical advice to strengthen their knowledge of innovative methodologies to improve at the short-term organizational, economic, and commercial levels.
- ÍtemSolo MetadatosLa acción colectiva, experiencias desde el sector de economía social y solidaria en el Azuay.(Universidad Católica de Cuenca, 2023) Patiño Ludeña, Michelle de los Ángeles; Castillo Ortega, Yonimiller; 1106084393Collective action is the teamwork of different individuals who work together in solidarity and combine their efforts to achieve effective results. With this union, they create organizations and pursue a common goal. The objective of this research is to determine the experiences of collective action within the organizations of Social and Solidarity Economy (SSE) in different cantons of the province of Azuay. To collect the information, a questionnaire was applied to 160 organizations of social and solidarity economy. The multivalent clustering technique was used to analyze the information. The results showed that the predominant experiences of collective action are teamwork, a high level of leadership, and the values of solidarity, respect, cooperation, and punctuality. The experiences in terms of SSE practices that predominate are medium and high levels of participation in community activities, the main positive aspect that has caused in the community is teamwork and the objectives on which the organization mainly focuses are economic, social, and community. From the cluster analysis, it was possible to determine the existence of two groups: the first with 59.1% of leaders with a greater tendency to collective action, with a rating of 4.17% on average, and the second group with 49.9% with an average rating of 3.50%.
- ÍtemAcceso AbiertoPropuesta de gestión logística en la administración de insumos para el sector artesanal macanero del cantón Gualaceo(Universidad Católica de Cuenca, 2023) Puente Piña, Xavier Alejandro; Rosales Namicela, Mónica Briggith; 1400733802This research focuses on the proposal of logistics management in the administration of supplies for the shawl-making handicraft sector (macaneros) of the Canton of Gualaceo to generate a process of supplying adequate materials for artisans who work with the Ikat technique, which has seen problems over time to maintain their economic activity. This research is exploratory; thus, we proceeded to collect information through surveys,seeking to know the shawl-making artisans reality about the management process of the raw material they use in the Canton of Gualaceo; this enabled the knowledge on several necessary aspects to develop a proposal for logistics management in the administration of inputs, sum to improve the planning, procurement, and coordination of materials, thus meeting the current needs within the market by shawl-making handicraft sector.
- ÍtemSolo MetadatosResponsabilidad social empresarial, en la actividad recreacional en el sector turístico del corredor turístico del Santa Bárbara.(Universidad Católica de Cuenca, 2023) Carrión Parra, Francisco Xavier; Banegas Campoverde, Cristian Mauricio; 0105544316The article aims to determine the degree of perception of corporate social responsibility (CSR) of companies dedicated to leisure in the tourist corridor of Santa Bárbara from the perspective of consumers. The study area is in the province of Azuay, which includes three cantons: Gualaceo, Chordeleg, and Sigsig. The methodology used was a quantitative, descriptive, field study of a cross-sectional nature, in which a binary logistic regression was performed to analyze the data in order to quantify the level of CSR perceived in the sector. The results show that the studied dimensions—labor, economic, social, and environmental— are important, in order of relevance, to determine the level of perception of tourism consumers regarding corporate social responsibility in leisure tourism in the studied sector. The average rating of the four studied dimensions shows that the probability that tourism consumers perceive issues related to corporate social responsibility in the studied sector is 80%, i.e., the level of perception is relatively high.
- ÍtemSolo MetadatosTitulo(Universidad Católica de Cuenca, 2023) Hermida Villalta, Víctor Daniel; Vásquez Corral, David Bernardo; 0105426423x
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