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- ÍtemAcceso AbiertoAlteraciones respiratorias en pacientes post-covid-19 hospitalizados en UCI. Una revisión Sistemática.(Universidad Católica de Cuenca, 2022-07-01) Diaz Usho, Isabel Jesenea; Espadero, Rosa Gabriela; 060571604-2Most of the people who have suffered from Covid-19, state that they have shown clinic symptoms both subjectively and objectively. Among the most important sequels is the development of pulmonary fibrosis in which the lung tissue is damaged and thus, the respiratory function deteriorates, it shows itself with dyspnea, fatigue, among other signs. Objective: To identify the most frequent post-Covid-19 respiratory sequels as well as their characteristic signs and symptoms and their impact on the quality of life of the people who have been affected by it. Methodology. A review of the literature was carried out using databases such as PubMed, Scopus, Dialnet, Lilacs, and Google Scholar, od those which were published within the last 3 years (from 2019 to 2021). Results: Seventy-eight articles were reviewed considering the inclusion and exclusion criteria, which resulted in 20 articles to be reviewed, the results were analyzed based on three different categories: Respiratory sequelae, signs and symptoms, and quality of life. Conclusions: Patients who have suffered from the post-Covid-19 infection and were admitted into the intensive care unit showed a great deterioration of the lung function as a sequel. This was identified as post-covid-19 Syndrome, specifically known as pulmonary fibrosis, which is characterized by symptoms that include fatigue, dyspnea, and cough. Mainly, the same is accompanied by loss of muscle strength, decreased exercise capacity, decreased ability to perform activities daily, therefore, it has resulted in alterations in the patient's quality of life. This has been indicated in the different studies that were analyzed. Keywords: respiratory disorders, post-covid-19, icu, sequels
- ÍtemAcceso AbiertoAlternativas terapéuticas ancestrales en pacientes covid 19: Una revisión sistemática(Universidad Católica de Cuenca, 2022) Yamasqui Ron, Cristóbal Adrián; Luzuriaga Calle, María Agusta; 030268960-9Introduction: Ancestral alternative therapies are methods and techniques that help balance the individual's physical, mental, and spiritual body and environment. This use is based on the knowledge of the ancestor who has been transmitting its use for decades, even more so in the era of SARS-CoV2. Consequently, the world's population used it as a preventive alternative to the virus. Objective: To describe the available scientific evidence on ancestral therapeutic alternatives in COVID-19 patients. Methodology: A systematic descriptive review was used under the PRISMA methodology. To perform the search, keywords in Spanish, such as "therapies," "ancestral," "patients," and "SARS-CoV2", boolean connections AND, OR, inclusion and exclusion criteria were used. Fourteen original articles in Spanish and English were acquired from various sources: BV Salud, UCACUE Virtual Library, Digital Repository, Medigraphic, and Google Scholar. Discussion/Results: six categories were created: ancestral medicine as an alternative to SARS-CoV2, the effect of medicinal plants against SARS-CoV2, phytotherapy as an alternative to SARS-CoV2, therapeutic realities of SARS-CoV2, the use of domestic ancestral medicine COVID-19, and herbal plants as a preventive alternative to SARS-CoV2. Conclusion: studies show that medicinal plants contain bioactive amino acids, vitamins B and C, essential oils, flavonoids, etc., that help fight respiratory infections caused by SARS-CoV2. Keywords: therapies, sar-cov2, alternative, ancestral
- ÍtemAcceso AbiertoAlternativas terapéuticas farmacológicas para covid-19. Una revisión sistemática(Universidad Católica de Cuenca, 2022-07-01) Pomavilla Álvarez, Luz María; Luzuriaga, Maria Agusta; 035000307-5Ever since the emergence of the new Covid-19 disease, different laboratories around the world began searching for several studies and therapeutic alternatives for treatment to fight the virus, which presents several evolutionary phases. Each stage consists of the administration of certain chemical compounds to stop, treat or prevent the clinical symptoms that the patient may show. Such substances derive from a meticulous process of scientific experimentation, however, currently; there is a lack of clinical trials as well as pharmacological therapies, which prove reliably the validity and efficacy of any pharmacological treatment. Objective: To learn about the pharmacological therapeutic alternatives for Covid-19. Materials and methods: Qualitative systematic review meta-study; it included ten studies attained from different databases such as Redalyc, PubMed, Scielo, and Google Scholar. Results: The presence of the pathogenic agent SAR CoV-2 in a person's organism produces a severe acute respiratory syndrome, with a high mortality rate, since none of the care or treatments used for its approach had positive effects on the human host. Conclusion: Among the pharmacological alternatives for Covid-19, the administration of antiviral drugs such as arbidol and ritonavir, antibacterial drugs, azithromycin, corticosteroids, chloroquine, remdesivir, anakinra, baricitinib, sarilumab, and Kaletra stand out. Keywords: covid-19, drugs, alternatives, medications, therapeutic treatment
- ÍtemAcceso AbiertoAnálisis de las estrategias aplicadas para la integración de los sistemas se salud ancestral en el Ecuador: Una revisión sistemática(Universidad Católica de Cuenca, 2022) Deleg Bonilla, Diana Maribel; Andrade Encalada, Hernán Alonso; 010625732-2Introduction: Ecuador is a multinational country where different knowledge systems exist in the health area, being ancestral health practices identified as a characteristic of indigenous people and nationalities. The state is committed to integrating this knowledge into the public health system to guarantee respect for diversity and preservation of the systems. Applying strategies that provide a real integrative possibility to understand ancestral health is challenging. Objective: To describe strategies used to integrate ancestral medicine into public health systems. Method: A systematic review of the bibliography was carried out through the PRISMA method for document selection. Results: It is necessary to start from public policies support an ancestral knowledge validation, reinforced by scientific research entities —like Universities— to ensure true equality in the knowledge systems perceptions. Conclusions: Nowadays, it is possible to link different health systems from an integral health perspective. It considers human health beyond the physiological in its different dimensions, such as emotional, social, cultural, and worldview; these perspectives are indeed addressed in ancestral health systems. Keywords: public health, ancestral health, strategies, integration
- ÍtemAcceso AbiertoAnálisis en los factores que influyen en el esquema incompleto de vacunas en los niños de 0 a 5 años en el Ecuador: Una revisión sistemática(Universidad Católica de Cuenca, 2022) Guaman Agualema, Pedro Fabricio; Peralta Cardenas, Maria Fernanda; 035000343-0Compliance with the vaccination schedule protects children against infections by stimulating their immune system to prevent diseases, disabilities and deaths. This research aims to determine the factors that influence an incomplete vaccination schedule in children O to 5 years old using a systemic bibliographic review. It was carried out through the PRISMA methodology using databases such as PubMed, Scielo, Dialnet, Elsevier, and national repositories that complied with the inclusión and exclusion criteria according to the topic. Therefore, thirteen articles that answered the proposed research questions and objectives were selected under a quantitative and qualitative approach. The results showed that 100% of the studies belong to national repositories, 92.3% stated that sociocultural factors are associated with non-adherence to vaccination, and 75% reported poor communication. In conclusion, factors affecting the non-adherence are sociocultural components, a mother's education level, economic, institutional, and lack of communication in healthcare personnel regarding immunization. Keywords: factors, immunization, immunization, schedule, children 0 to 5 years old.
- ÍtemAcceso AbiertoAplicación del proceso enfermero en la atención primaria de salud: Una revisión sistemática(Universidad Católica de Cuenca, 2023) Coronel González, Sandra Katherine; Santander Villacís, Adrián Eduardo; Peralta Cárdenas, María Fernanda; 030254168-5; 030260278-4Introduction: Primary health care aims to protect the individual through activities necessary to improve the quality of life and ensure autonomy concerning health through promotion, prevention, and rehabilitation strategies. In this way, nurses can create a health database, identify existing or potential problems to prioritize activities, define specific responsibilities, and plan and organize care to improve the health of the individual, the family, and the community. Objective: To develop a systematic review, using the article’s literature, to show the nursing process's application in primary health care. Methodology: A systematic review was carried out of complete, qualitative-quantitative texts that meet the criteria of the PRISMA standards that have been compiled from various databases of the Catholic University of Cuenca: Scopus, SciELO, Redalyc, Taylor & Francis, Web of Science, PubMed, Dialnet, VHL (Virtual Health Library), Google Scholar, in Spanish and English. Thirty studies were analyzed, and the results relevant to this investigation were structured. Conclusions: It was found that the staff partially fulfills its function based on the application of nursing care in a holistic way through activities that promote, prevent, treat, rehabilitate, and manage. In addition, barriers were found because there is an overload of work that arises from a lack of continuous training and specialization in community nursing. Keywords: care, nursing, primary health care.
- ÍtemAcceso AbiertoAplicación del proceso enfermero hospitalario en el Ecuador: Una revisión sistemática(Universidad Católica de Cuenca, 2023) Valdéz Rodríguez, Jakeline Oliva; Loja Loja, Carmen Alicia; Espadero, Rosa Gabriela; 030276996-3; 030226573-1Nurses are professionals who put together theoretical and practical knowledge that allows them to effectively carry out health promotion and prevention of pathologies at the physical and/or mental level, together with the patient’s family and community. Objective: To determine the importance of implementing the hospital nursing process. Methodology: This study consists of a systematic review carried out under a qualitative approach and the standards established by the PRISMA method, taking into account 21 scientific articles obtained from different sources of information such as SciELO, Redalyc, MedLine, Scopus, LILACS, and other Proquest databases of the Catholic University of Cuenca. Results: A hospital nursing process is a fundamental tool in the activation of the nursing personnel to the extent that it offers them the necessary guidelines to permit the fulfillment of efficient sanitary attention to hospitalized patients, which results in shorter stays under medical dependence and in the strengthening of certain skills and knowledge which contribute to self-care. Conclusions: The hospital nursing process is the scientific method with the greatest documentation within the function of Nursing professionals, being the key to diagnosing a specific problem and implementing the relevant decisions, which allow guarantees individualized care by the patient’s needs, their sociocultural characteristics, and the resources stipulated by the medical unit. The application of this tool is conditioned by staff unease, lack of resources in sanitary facilities, and work overload. Keywords: nursing, hospital nursing process, ADPIE, stages
- ÍtemAcceso AbiertoAporte de la medicina ancestral durante la pandemia covid-19. Una revisión sistemática.(Universidad Católica de Cuenca, 2022-07-01) Buñay Guaman, Lourdes María; Peralta Cardenas, Maria Fernanda; 030247843-3Introduction: Ancestral medicine has been used by the world´s population during the pandemic to prevent and heal the covid-19 disease and using naturopathy as an ancestral knowledge in the correct way to create the reinforcement of the individual's immune system and mitigate the coronavirus symptomatology. Objective: To gather information on ancestral medicine and its contribution during the pandemic. Method: A systematic review was carried out to search information using keywords such as medicine, ancestral, pandemic, COVID-19, and knowledge by applying Boolean operators AND and OR. It allows filtering searches and the digital databases PubMed, Virtual Health Library (bvsalud) by its acronym in Spanish, Google Scholar, and SCOPUS were also used. Results: The articles included in the research reveal that the use of non-invasive techniques through phytotherapy guided by the ancestral Yachaks of Ecuador has allowed the prevention and management of covid-19 according to the state of the disease, decreasing the risk of producing post-covid-19 sequelae through analgesic, anti-inflammatory, retroviral properties, and the ability to strengthen the individual´s immune system. Conclusion: Ancestral medicine during the covid-19 pandemic became a practice that allows full health care to prevent and cure individuals, that is why people have been forced to apply different strategies of the knowledge used by the Yachaks leaders at the national level.
- ÍtemAcceso AbiertoAtención de enfermería en el primer nivel dentro del contexto covid-19. Una revisión Sistemática.(Universidad Católica de Cuenca, 2022-07-01) Loja Paredes, Erika Amparo; Rojas Verdugo, Erica Paola; 030225517-9Introduction: It is relevant that the nursing staff as they are part of the user´s first line of care should be clear about the concept of any Covid-19 doubtful case. That is why, it is necessary for nurses to know what to do in each situation, covid positive patients and non-covid ones, the first level of care is directly focused on the individual, family, and community. Objective: To review the scientific literature on nursing care at the first level within the covid-19 context. Methodology: A systematic review of the literature was carried out using the PRISMA method for choosing the articles, bibliographic search in databases like health virtual library BVS (by its acronym in Spanish), Scopus, Scielo, and google academic in the last 5 years (2018-2022 period). Finding/discussion: 15 articles directed to the topic under study were considered once the final selection was done and they were analyzed based on 3 categories: nursing care; nursing in primary health care during covid-19; the first level of health care for facing the COVID-19 pandemic. Conclusion: Nursing care is of utmost importance at its first level, being the nurse the person in charge of carrying out a correct assessment and making nursing diagnoses since they are the turning point for active participation both ethically and integrally and treating each user individually. This plays a fundamental role when treating COVID-19 patients in the community. Keywords: nursing care, first level, care
- ÍtemAcceso AbiertoAtención en el cuidado del adulto mayor residente en centros gerontológicos: Una revisión sistemática.(Universidad Católica de Cuenca, 2022-10-06) Zhizhingo Villacis, Luis Andres; Ochoa Maldonado, Katty; 030260277-6ABSTRACT Over time, the life expectancy of senior citizens and the number of gerontological centers increased. This study aims to analyze and understand good care practices in gerontological centers for elderly residents. A systematic review of studies published in scientific databases from 2018 in English and Spanish was carried out. The data obtained were classified into five categories: general guidelines, suitable environment, behavioral organization, nursing care, and the effects of good care on older people in gerontological centers. As a result, it was found that the new model of care is person-centered, which contributes to the autonomy of the elderly. The environment should stimulate their home, providing all the safety to prevent falls, which includes signage, ramps, handholds, and good lighting. In addition, much attention is paid to green spaces as they reduce the prevalence of mental disorders; in terms of human resources, multidisciplinary work is essential. It was noticed that there is a deficit in Ecuador compared to other countries; the nurses play an important administrative, operational and research role; social and recreational activities are also essential. Finally, all the factors above are critical for the well-being of older adults, emphasizing the development of geriatric nursing through ongoing training programs on this issue. Research is still necessary to determine the quality of care locally. Keywords: elderly, gerontological center, geriatric nursing.
- ÍtemAcceso AbiertoCalidad de vida en personas con diagnóstico de covid-19 (no hospitalizados). Una revisión sistematica(Universidad Católica de Cuenca, 2022-06-06) Avila Ramón, Yessenia Nube; Peralta Cardenas, Maria Fernanda; 030279989-5ABSTRACT Introduction: At present, COVID -19 is a disease that has brought consequences in the health-related quality of life in the population. Objective: To analyze available scientific evidence on the quality of life in (non-hospitalized) people with COVID-19 through a systematic review. Methods: This systematization was based on a qualitative approach, databases such as PubMed, Scielo, Taylor & Francis, Web of Science, Dialnet, ProQuest were used as sources of information through search engines such as Google Scholar and Virtual Health Library in the last 5 years both in English and Spanish. It allowed obtaining a total of 17 articles. Results: The analysis of the selected studies allowed us to identify four fundamental categories: vital conditions; environmental context; risk factors in the quality of life; perception of the impact on quality of life. Conclusions: Once the systematic review was concluded, it was analyzed that (non-hospitalized) older people with a COVID -19 diagnostic were less likely to enjoy good physical health compared to younger people. In addition, there were sleep disturbances, perceptions of poor or fair health status were associated with depression and fatigue, loss of energy, and increased anxiety. In the environmental context, the place of residence and household size had a significant effect on health status. The quality of life of their partners and other family members was also affected. Keywords: quality of life, individuals, diagnostic, covid -19, non-hospitalized.
- ÍtemAcceso AbiertoCalidad de vida tras la hospitalización en UCI por covid-19 una revisión sistemática.(Universidad Católica de Cuenca, 2022-07-01) Pomavilla Calle, Rosa Oliva; Espadero, Rosa Gabriela; 010279840-0Introduction: The WHO defines the quality of life as an individual's perception of his or her health, but COVID-19 has been the cause of causing sequelae in patients who have been infected and required admission to ICU, which has led to a decrease in the quality of life after their hospital stay. Objective: To systematize the scientific evidence available on the quality of life after hospitalization in the ICU (Intensive Care Unit) due to COVID-19. Methods: A systematic review was carried out by searching for information using the keywords "quality", "life", "hospitalization", "post-acute", "Covid-19", using Boolean operators ¨AND¨, ¨OR¨; which allows performing. The search was carried out using the following databases: BvUCACUE, SCOPUS, PubMed, Medline, and Redalyc. Results: A total of 2,835 studies were located, and after applying the inclusion and exclusion criteria necessary for the topic addressed, a final sample of n=18 literary sources were obtained. Discussion: Covid-19 has drastically affected the health of people worldwide, it has caused in-hospital mortality 39%, in severe patients causing admission to the ICU area, in post-hospitalization the most frequent complaints were: fatigue (46.4%), anosmia (70.2%), ageusia (54.2%), myalgias (20.1%), anxiety, depression, psychological, pulmonary and cardiac alterations, these being some of the main factors that have affected the health of people causing a decrease in the quality of life. Conclusion: Covid-19 is the cause of the decrease in the quality of life in patients after hospitalization. Keywords: quality, life, hospitalization, post-acute, covid-19
- ÍtemAcceso AbiertoCaracterización epidemiológica de las infecciones asociadas a la atención de salud en Pacientes hospitalizados por covid-19, una revisión sistemática(Universidad Católica de Cuenca, 2022-07-01) Fajardo Pinzón, Johanna Patricia; Rodriguez Pañora, Patricia Elizabeth; 030274336-4Hospitalized patients due to Covid-19 require a series of specific care. It is done systematically and sequentially aimed at recovering the individual's health and preventing the appearance of certain conditions or sequelae that restrict the integral recovery process, it is the case of healthcare-associated infections. Materials and methods: A qualitative systematic review meta-study; 30 studies were taken from different databases such as Redalyc, PubMed, Scielo, and Google Scholar. Findings: The incidence of infections associated with health care in hospitalized patients due to Covid 19 was 7.1%, with the highest incidence conditions being pneumonia with 32%, bacteremia with 25%, and urinary tract infection, in 22%. Among the main isolated pathogenic agents were Gram-positive and Gram-negative bacteria and fungi. Conclusion: These infections have a high prevalence in hospitalized patients with covid-19, however, they can be predictable if we take into account certain risk factors that increase the patient´s vulnerability to develop them. It is advisable to rationally use certain antibiotics and steroids to prevent such infections in hospitalized patients with Covid-19; furthermore, emphasis should be placed on those individuals suffering from diabetes or using invasive devices. Keywords: Covid-19. Iaas. Hospitalized patients. Microorganisms. Sars cov-2.
- ÍtemAcceso AbiertoComplicaciones de covid 19 en mujeres obesas en período de gestación: Una revisión sistemática.(Universidad Católica de Cuenca, 2022-09-13) Gavilanes Paredes, Yadira Alejandra; Rojas Verdugo, Erica Paola; 060436129-5ABSTRAC Introduction: According to WHO/PAHO, Covid-19 is transmitted by tiny particles. Therefore, overweight pregnant women are more likely to be infected by this virus, which may cause matemity complications. Objectives: To describe scientific evidence on the complications associated with Covid-19 in overweight pregnant women. Methods: A systematic review was carried out by performing a data search based on the following keywords: "complications," "Covid-19," “overweight women," and "gestation," using the Boolean operators "AND" and "OR". The following databases were used for the search: Google Scholar, Redalyc, SciELO, Scopus, and PubMed. Results: A total of 1,276 studies were identified, and the inclusion and exclusion criteria required according to the topic were applied, obtaining a final sample of n=16 published sources. Discussion: Covid-19 has affected 26% of pregnant mothers with obesity which presented symptoms such as fatigue, shortness of breath, cough and fever, showing complications such as preeclampsia in 27.1%, premature delivery in 23%, and in most cases, a cesarean section with 48%, causing a health risk to the mother as well as the fetus. Conclusion: Overweight pregnant women are most susceptible to Covid-19 transmission and are therefore at risk of developing maternal complications, such as preeclampsia, premature rupture of membranes, premature delivery, fetal death, and cesarean section being the majority of cases. Keywords: complications, covid-19, overweight women, gestation.
- ÍtemAcceso AbiertoComplicaciones frecuentes por covid 19 en adolescentes: Una revisión sistemática(Universidad Católica de Cuenca, 2022) Heredia Villota, Cinthya Camila; Rodriguez Pañora, Patricia Elizabeth; 030203669-4Adolescence is a transition period between childhood and adulthood, in which a series of physical, mental and psychological changes occur; such become the basis for shaping their personality and behavior. Hence, adolescents are referred to as a group vulnerable to different conditions that may alter their physical and/or mental health, such as the recently discovered Coronavirus or COVID-19. This infectious-contagious illness from the SARS-CoV-2 pathogen causes a seriously acute respiratory syndrome with an extremely high mortality rate. Methodology: The current investigation is a systematic review of the literature using the qualitative approach. Consequently, scientific articles from databases such as Google Scholar, Scopus, MEDLINE, SciELO, Redalyc and ProQuest were analyzed. Results: Adolescents are not exempt from getting COVID-19 and all the clinical symptoms; nevertheless, their mortality rate is lower than that of the adult population since most affected adolescents recover efficiently. Conclusion: Frequent complications of COVID-19 in the adolescents occur in the pulmonary (chest discomfort, chronic obstructive pulmonary disease, pulmonary fibrosis, dyspnea), cardiac (myocarditis, myocardial injuries, arrhythmias), renal (kidney damage), neurological (brain swelling) and psychological (mental disorders, depression, anxiety, stress) levels. keywords: adolescents, covid-19, complications, conditions, physical.
- ÍtemAcceso AbiertoComplicaciones pediátricas asociadas durante y después del covid 19. Una revisión sistemática(Universidad Católica de Cuenca, 2022-07-01) Tenesaca Chaca, Wilson Javier; Rojas Verdugo, Erica Paola; 010191099-8Introduction: Currently, COVID-19 has affected children on an unprecedented scale, becoming the worst crisis for this population throughout the 75 years of history of the United Nations Children's Fund. Objective: To systematize the scientific evidence available about pediatric complications during and after COVID-19. Methodology: A systematic review of scientific articles, which were published within the last four years, in Spanish or English. At the end of the process, 20 publications that met the inclusion and exclusion criteria were selected. Results/Discussion: Most of the analyzed articles show a risk of secondary infection in those under 20 years of age, 44% less than in adults, presenting complications due to COVID-19 such as cough, fever, stomachaches, diarrhea, etc. which can aggravate and develop Multisystem Inflammatory Syndrome. In addition, it was found that the most common complications post COVID-19 were cough, fatigue, sleep disturbance, and muscle pain, even without adequate treatment, they can result in a new hospitalization. Conclusion: The presence of complications is not so frequent in boys, girls, and adolescents; nevertheless, such disease should not be taken lightly because this population does not have as developed defenses as adults do. Keywords: complications, pediatrics, COVID-19, diseases, multisystem inflammatory syndrome
- ÍtemAcceso AbiertoConsumo de sustancias estupefacientes en adolescentes en el Ecuador: Una revisión sistemática(Universidad Católica de Cuenca, 2023) Guamán Yupa, Adela Estefania; Mayancela Chuma, Rosa Elvira; Yamasqui Padilla, José Isidoro; 030242812-3; 030291951-9Introduction: Currently, the consumption of narcotic substances is a significant social problem that principally affects young people, many of whom are influenced by adults who succumb to their addictions. Objective: To investigate the consumption of narcotic substances in adolescents in Ecuador by a systematic review of the literature. Method: To investigate through a systematic review why the narcotic substance consumption occurs in adolescents in Ecuador, carried out under a qualitative approach. Results: Eleven publications were considered, which were obtained from different sources of scientific information such as Scopus, MEDLINE, SciELO, Redalyc, and other databases like ProQuest. The results indicate that the frequency with which adolescents feel the need to use addictive substances also shows that 7.19% of them smoke, followed by 17.86% of adolescents who consume alcohol. Conclusions: It was determined that the factors that affect the manifestation of an abuse or dependency problem are varied. Several risk factors have been identified, including individual, group, peer, family, and community influences, as well as genetic and environmental factors. These would increase a person’s genetic susceptibility to other risk factors, predisposing the subject to the consumption and later abuse or dependence on a given substance. Keywords: adolescents, youth, illicit substances, narcotic substances, narcotic drugs.
- ÍtemAcceso AbiertoConsumo de tipos de alimentos en tiempo de pandemia covid-19(Universidad Católica de Cuenca, 2022-07-01) Pinguil Buscan, Juan Pedro; Luzuriaga, Maria Agusta; 030236899-8The planet holds a great biodiversity that has allowed humans to survive with a balanced diet. However, with the appearance of SARS-CoV-2 diets have lost the balance of food intake, this study aims to systematize the scientific evidence available on the complications regarding food consumption during the pandemic, the methodology used in this research was a systematic review of scientific articles that meet the requirements of having been published in the last four years either in Spanish or English and that provide relevant information to the research. By the end of the selection process, we got 10 publications that met the inclusion criteria and among the results obtained we highlight that the global concern about food points to the fact that if these changes are kept up in a long term, they are potentially worrying from a public health perspective as they were characterized by a low adherence to healthy diets. In addition, there are some implications for policy makers and food supply chain actors on healthy diets, food system resilience and behavioral change. Finally, changes in household diets have undergone noticeable changes as people have chosen processed products leading to obesity; on the other hand, in underdeveloped countries an increase in malnutrition has been shown. Keywords: Types, food, covid - 19, pandemic.
- ÍtemAcceso AbiertoCovid 19 y su incidencia en enfermedades crónicas degenerativas:(Universidad Católica de Cuenca, 2023) Solano Aguaiza, Nina Pacari; Agualema Zhau, Jennyfer Francisca; Espadero, Gabriela; 0350003026; 0303013213Introduction: COVID-19 affected the entire population to a greater or lesser extent. Mortality risks were high for specific groups of older people, with a higher risk for individuals with comorbidities related to degenerative illnesses, due to their high mortality risk. Knowledge of the main complications in these cases allows nursing personnel to prevent worse prognoses. Objective: To systematize relevant information based on evidence about COVID-19 and its incidence in chronic degenerative diseases. Method: A systematic literature review was carried out to present a qualitative research approach based on the PRISMA method. A systematic search of publications of the last five years was carried out in databases of indexed journals such as Scopus, Medline, SciELO, and university repositories Results: A total of 20 publications were obtained related to COVID-19 and the chronic degenerative diseases that presented the highest risk in infected patients: diabetes, hypertension, cardiovascular problems, and obesity. Conclusions: It was concluded that for nursing practice, it is vital to know the risks inherent in comorbidities in patients infected with COVID-19. Cardiovascular problems and complications were frequent in most of the cases registered. There was a high risk of mortality in patients with diabetes and obesity, with 50% mortality rate. In these cases, it is necessary to provide early attention to avoid mortality prognosis. Keywords: COVID-19, comorbidities, chronic degenerative diseases.
- ÍtemAcceso AbiertoCuidado humanizado en las prácticas de enfermería en el área de ginecología: Una revisión Sistemática.(Universidad Católica de Cuenca, 2022-11-03) Ganzhi Neira, Erika Melisa; Rojas Verdugo, Erica Paola; 030256428-1ABSTRACT Humanized care is an essential component within the health field because the nursing job pretends to give patients quality service. In this case, gynecological care aims to learn about humanized care in the nursing practices in the gynecological area. A narrative review with a critical analysis of the literature consulted in seven databases was carried out, with original, reflexive theses and review articles in Spanish, English and Portuguese within the last five years. The evidence from the articles was selected using tools like CASPe and STROBE. The declarative PRISMA guidelines were followed. After reviewing their titles, abstracts, and whole documents, the population of documents was thirty-six. During their final screening, eleven related articles were gathered (55% quantitative, 25% qualitative, 10% clinical essays and 10% community intervention). From the topic of the investigation, the following two categories emerged 1. Humanized care to woman who attend the gynecological service, and 2. Humanized care to women from the nursing-health professional vision. Thus, the general conclusion is that the beneficiaries and the professionals report mixed results insofar as shortcomings in the provision of care are evidenced; nevertheless, some investigations report that it is viable to give care in a humanized manner. Keywords: care, nursing, gynecology, practices, humanized
