Examinando por Autor "Carchi Flores, Erika Michelle"
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Ítem Acceso Abierto Aplicación de normas por parte del profesional de enfermería en la obtención de muestras para baciloscopía en centros de salud del distrito 01D01 período mayo - octubre 2018(2018) Carchi Flores, Erika Michelle; Vintimilla Molina, Jhojana Rosali; 302440Ítem Acceso Abierto Deshumanización en la atención de enfermería. Revisión bibliográfica(Universidad Católica de Cuenca., 2022) Gómez Pinos, Cristhofer Jonathan; Carchi Flores, Erika Michelle; 0705846418Dehumanization in nursing care arises from the biomedical model currently used by health systems in which assistance is technical and minor, or no value is placed on warm, close, and humane care. Objective: To describe dehumanization in nursing care through a literature review. Methodology: this is a narrative literature review, which was structured with documents found in scientific information platforms such PubMed, Taylor & Francis, Scielo, Scopus, Medline, LILACS, Science Direct, Research Gate, and Dialnet using the following search strategies: "Dehumanization + Nursing care", "Humanization + nursing care", "Healthcare Models + Nursing care + Dehumanization". Results: After the literature review, it was possible to know that all the factors associated with dehumanization in nursing care are personal and organizational. The areas where the greatest dehumanization occurs are ICU, obstetrics, and gerontology. The consequences of dehumanization occur both at the level of patients and health professionals. Prevention is based on the design or adaptation of structured and contextualized strategies. Applying nursing models such as Watson's is beneficial to avoid care dehumanization because they provide premises for improving care. Conclusion: Dehumanization in nursing care can be considered an indicator of low quality due to its high impact on morbidity and mortality rates and the high costs to the health system.Ítem Acceso Abierto Diabetes gestacional a nivel de Latinoamérica(Universidad Católica de Cuenca., 2021) Fernández Orellana , Victoria Nataly; Delgado Tapia , Verónica Merilyn; Carchi Flores, Erika Michelle; 0106044530; 0105689145Gestational Diabetes is the intolerance to carbohydrates, resulting in hyperglycemia. It occurs for the first time during gestation and after delivery, it usually disappears, but on other occasions, type 2 diabetes can develop in both the mother and the newborn. Objective: To conduct a literature review of Gestational Diabetes in Latin America. Methodology: An analysis of scientific databases, such as Scopus, Web of Science, Taylor & Francis, Proquest, Springer, Pudmed, Redalyc, Scielo, Researchgate, Medigraphic, Dialnet, 39 original articles, 5 review articles, 1 WHO document, 1 PAHO document, and 5 documents from different websites of Latin American Health Organizations, published between 2016 to 2021 were used. Results: It was evidenced that among the Latin American countries studied, the prevalence varies according to the diagnostic criteria employed, the most relevant risk factors are age and overweight, the most frequent complication in the mother is arterial hypertension and macrosomia in the newborn, the treatment is essentially based on diet and physical activity, but if necessary, pharmacological therapy should be taken into account, nursing intervention is important since it is responsible for promotion, prevention and care to improve the quality of life of the pregnant woman. Conclusion: Once the analysis of the documents was finished, it allowed learning that gestational diabetes has a high rate of maternal and neonatal morbimortality and that with adequate prenatal control its prevalence can be reduced.Ítem Acceso Abierto Intervención de enfermería en pacientes pediátricos con leucemia(Universidad Católica de Cuenca., 2021) López Ramírez, Joseline Patricia; Carchi Flores, Erika Michelle; 0107636672Leukemia is a malignant disease of hematopoietic stem cells, which begins in the bone marrow and in the soft bone tissues where blood cells are formed. Objective: To analyze research focused on the prevalence, demographic profile, associated risk factors, treatment complications, and nursing interventions in the care of pediatric patients with leukemia. Methodology: This is descriptive research; different scientific databases, such as Scopus, Taylor & Francis, Web of Science, Ovid, ProQuest, ResearchGate, Redalyc, Scielo, and Medigraphic were utilized, Likewise, information from institutional pages, such as the World Health Organization, Ministry of Public Health and Society for the fight against Cancer published from 2016 to the present was obtained. A total of 50 articles of interest were included. Results: The prevalence of Acute Lymphoblastic Leukemia presented percentages in countries such as the United States, Africa, Cuba, Brazil, and Ecuador, where it had high rates in the male population. There are several associated risk factors, such as age, genre, leukocyte count, cytogenetics, urban or rural residence. Certain complications such as lymphopenia, cytopenia, febrile neutropenia, pain, and drug toxicity appear at the time of the treatment phase. Nonetheless, the nursing staff applies various interventions to improve comfort, nonpharmacological activities such as music therapy, distraction techniques, dynamic activities, and hygienic and dietary habits for quality care of pediatric patients.Ítem Acceso Abierto Intervenciones de enfermería en displasia broncopulmonar neonatal(Universidad Católica de Cuenca., 2023) Chiriboga Barrera, Erika Mariuxi; Merchán Ríos, Samantha Carolina; Carchi Flores, Erika Michelle; 0106119969; 0107432700Bronchopulmonary Dysplasia is a chronic disease of multifactorial origin; it occurs more frequently in premature neonates with low birth weight; therefore, its varied prevalence represents a public health problem causing a higher risk of mortality in the short and long term. Objective: To analyze through a literature review the "Nursing Interventions in Neonatal Bronchopulmonary Dysplasia," Methodology: The present study corresponds to a literature review, in which fifty-two articles with updated information from the last five years were used, in databases such as SciELO, PubMed, Dialnet, and ProQuest, among others, using search strategies such as "Prevalence AND Bronchopulmonary Dysplasia AND Neonate," "Risk factors AND Bronchopulmonary Dysplasia AND Neonate," "Complications AND Bronchopulmonary Dysplasia AND Neonate," "Treatment AND Bronchopulmonary Dysplasia AND Neonate," "Nursing care AND Bronchopulmonary Dysplasia AND Neonate." Results: Canada represents one of the countries with the lowest number of neonatal BPD cases, in contrast to China, considered a significant region for its prevalence, which estimates up to 82% of cases. Prenatal and postnatal factors predispose to early diagnosis. The administration of oxygen therapy and assisted ventilation are therapies that, if not carefully controlled, can lead to complications such as deterioration of pulmonary function. Nursing interventions should improve neonates' quality of life through care and strategies to improve their health. Conclusion: BPD increases maternal and neonatal risks allowing the development of respiratory complications and pathologies. Keywords: Bronchopulmonary dysplasia, neonate, risk factors, complications, nursing care.Ítem Solo Metadatos Intervenciones de enfermería en pacientes con coledocolitiasis(Universidad Católica de Cuenca., 2023) Pastuizaca Chillogalli, Jenny Nathali; Pesantez Cañafe, Mayra Alexandra; Carchi Flores, Erika Michelle; 0107341125; 0105331839Choledocholithiasis is a disease characterized by gallstones in the common bile duct; it is classified into two types: primary —where the stone is formed in situ— and secondary —where the stone migrates directly to the gallbladder—. Objective: To conduct a literature review on nursing interventions in patients with choledocholithiasis. Methodology: Structured non-experimental research and literature review, with articles from scientific databases such as Medline, Pubmed, SciELO, Scopus, Taylor & Francis, ProQuest, Elsevier, Springer, Web of Science, and Redalyc. Results: Choledocholithiasis represents a prevalence of 20% of the population, with Mexico being one of the countries with the highest rate of cases, estimating a percentage ranging from 5% to 23%. The most predictive risk factors include poor diet, obesity, diabetes mellitus, arterial hypertension, liver cirrhosis, age between 40 and 60, and female sex. The most frequent complications are bile duct obstruction, obstructive jaundice, cholecystitis, pancreatitis, cholangitis, and sepsis. The therapeutic approach includes intraoperative cholangiography, resonance, ERCP, and pharmacological treatment, including NSAIDs, proton inhibitors, antiemetics, and antibiotics. Nursing care involves monitoring vital signs, pain management, infection prevention, and administering drugs for the patient's prompt recovery. Conclusion: Choledocholithiasis is one of the most frequent diseases worldwide, and timely treatment is essential to avoid complications that can cause the patient's death. Palabras claves: Choledocholithiasis, prevalence, complications, treatment, nursing care.Ítem Acceso Abierto Quemaduras en adultos a nivel mundial(Universidad Católica de Cuenca., 2023) Lojano Cochancela, Sandra Joana; Vega Bermeo, Rosa Valeria; Carchi Flores, Erika Michelle; 0151200110; 0302340815Burns are lesions affecting various layers of the skin or tissues, resulting from exposure to physical, chemical, or biological agents. Regardless of the severity, burns trigger systemic and local reactions and can even lead to death. Objective: To analyze burn cases in adults globally through a comprehensive review of existing literature. Methodology: A search of scientific literature was conducted across various databases including Scopus, PubMed, Web of Science, ResearchGate, Dialnet, SciELO, and the websites of Health Organizations. A total of 54 articles were utilized, with 22 contributing to the introduction and 32 to the results and discussion sections. Results: Global data indicates that nearly one million individuals have suffered from burns, irrespective of their severity. In Latin America, Cuba is the most affected nation, accounting for 64% of cases. This predominantly affects males aged between 41 and 60 years. Cultural, social, and economic factors play a significant role, regardless of the burn's severity. Complications encompass hypovolemia, hypothermia, and sepsis. Therapeutic approaches involve antibiotics, tilapia skin grafts, ointments, and fluid therapy. Nursing interventions include initial assessments, leading to a specific nursing diagnosis based on the patient's specific needs. Conclusion: The role of nursing professionals is indispensable. They must stay updated with theoretical knowledge and practical skills, thus educating individuals, families, and communities, which will ensure recovery and well-being through high-quality care. Key words: Adults, Burns, Complications, Risk factors, Nursing care.Ítem Acceso Abierto Síndrome de Edwards en Latinoamérica(Universidad Católica de Cuenca., 2024) Carrion Casa, Jessica Paola; Guzhñay Aucapiña, Cristopher Fernando; Carchi Flores, Erika Michelle; 0106288707; 0105550073Introduction: Edwards syndrome, or trisomy 18, is a rare genetic condition when an extra copy of chromosome 18 is present in particular or all cells in the body. Objective: To conduct a literature review on Edwards syndrome in Latin America. Methodology: For this task, a systematic review was developed in reliable digital repositories such as Dialnet, Medline, Medigraphic, PubMed, ProQuest, Redalyc, Scopus, and SciELO. Results: Trisomy 18 results from errors in cell segmentation during the creation of sperm or eggs; this type of congenital condition occurs in 1 in every 7,000 live births. The risk of giving birth to a child with trisomy 18 increases as the mother's age advances (over 45). People with this condition usually have severe disabilities and multiple anomalies that affect various body systems. Treatment involves a multidisciplinary approach, where nursing staff focus on providing palliative and supportive care; it varies according to the needs of each individual and is usually focused on making the last days of life pleasant or less painful. Conclusions: Trisomy 18 is a complex genetic condition with significant implications for health and development. Although the prognosis is generally reserved, advances in healthcare and support for families contribute to maintaining the stable and harmonious lifestyle of individuals with this condition.Ítem Acceso Abierto Teoría de Nola J. Pender aplicado a la prevención del virus de inmunodeficiencia humana (VIH) en adultos jovenes de Latinoamérica(Universidad Católica de Cuenca., 2022) Buele Vallejo, Pedro David; Herrera Caceres, Karen Daniela; Carchi Flores, Erika Michelle; 0107633331; 0106330806The Human Immunodeficiency Virus (HIV) represents a challenge for health systems because it is one of the main threats to public health. Currently, 2.1 million people are living with HIV in Latin America. Objective: To elaborate a bibliographic review on Nola J. Pender’s theory applied to HIV prevention in young adults in Latin America. Methodology: A narrative literature review was carried out in scientific databases such as ProQuest, Scopus, Web of Science, Springer, Redalyc, and Google Scholar, using search strategies according to MeSH and DeCS terminology; together with the Boolean operator AND. In addition, original articles published in 2017 in Spanish, English, and Portuguese were used. Results: The Latin American country with the highest prevalence of HIV is Brazil, and the leading risk factor is the sexual act in different gender identities, mainly among homosexuals. Pender's Health Promotion Model supports practices related to health promotion based on people's behaviors. As for the nursing role, its participation in health promotion is a powerful weapon that can be used to arouse the interests of the profession and the patient's welfare. Conclusion: HIV is a health problem that has shown many cases, especially in young adults, manifested through risky sexual behavior. For this, nursing focuses on modifying behavior through the health promotion model that helps prevent the disease.
