MicroRNA en el diagnóstico de endometriosis

Abstract

Introduction: Endometriosis, a chronic inflammatory syndrome that affects 176 million women worldwide, is the leading cause of infertility and persistent abdominal and pelvic pain. The presence of ectopic tissue outside the uterine cavity remains a mystery, and in recent years, the use of microRNAs as biomarkers has proven to be advantageous for early diagnosis of endometriosis. General objective: To study the role of microRNAs in diagnosing endometriosis. Methodology: This degree work consists of a literature review, which was conducted through the collection, review, and registration of clinical trials, systematic reviews, bibliographic documents, and clinical guides from scientific societies within the health area. This material has been published within the last eight years and remains updated. The topic covered is based on studies on the use of microRNA in the diagnosis of endometriosis. The resulting information was taken from reliable databases, such as SciELO, Scopus, Web of Science, and PubMed, using keywords from Boolean descriptors of health sciences, Subject Headings (DeCS/MESH). English and Spanish languages were included, and logical search operators AND, OR, and NOT were integrated, resulting in a selection and final choice of 36 articles previously verified for their scientific validity according to Scimago Journal & Country Rank. Expected results: Consequently, after searching multiple scientific databases, the diagnostic method for endometriosis was determined using microRNA, analyzing its specificity and sensitivity characteristics. Conclusions: MicroRNAs are promising biomarkers for diagnosing endometriosis noninvasively, improving patient’s reproductive and sexual health. Although standardization and therapeutic protocols are still areas of study, they represent a valuable contribution to gynecological care.