“Factores de riesgo de enfermedad cardiovascular. Revisión sistemática”

Abstract

Introduction: Cardiovascular diseases (CVD) are caused by abnormal changes in both the heart and blood vessels; they constitute a health problem due to the high morbidity and mortality rate standard in adults. Objective: To identify risk factors in cardiovascular diseases through a systematic review. Methodology: The review was conducted based on the PRISMA method. The research was performed using scientific databases such as SciELO, PubMed, ProQuest, Web of Science, Google Scholar, and Scopus. It was essential to analyze the risk factors of cardiovascular diseases by investigating articles published in the last five years in English and Spanish; they were of greater relevance to the research. Results: Through the search strategy used in the database, 66,226 publications were identified. Applying the inclusion and exclusion criteria of the PRISMA method, 320 articles were reviewed, 39 were chosen, and 20 original articles were exposed. The description includes the database, place and year of publication, author, title, objectives, and results. Conclusion: Cardiovascular diseases are linked to a group of conditions that affect the heart and blood vessels. The risk factors are smoking, poor nutrition, obesity, sedentary lifestyle, HT, and family history; therefore, men and women are very likely to develop cardiovascular disease.