Riesgo biológico en el profesional de enfermería a nivel intrahospitalario

Abstract

Introduction: Biological risk in nursing personnel is a matter of concern within the hospital environment owing to the biological and constant exposure to which the personnel is subjected, for which, based on health policies, strategies have been developed in each country to prevent and protect the life of the profesional Objective: To establish the biological risk in the nursing practitioner at the intrahospital level. Methodology: narrative literature review, where 51 scientific articles were used. Results: Healthcare professionals are occupationally exposed by their daily activities, that is why several studies state that the most exposed health professional is the nursing practitioner, and the most common risk factor is the knowledge on biosafety. Furthermore, the hospital agents with the greater potential transmission are the Acquired Immunodeficiency Virus (HIV), Hepatitis B (HBV), Hepatitis C (HCV); similarly, the most harmful or dangerous area is the Emergency area, thus in each country, different policies and prevention strategies have been enacted, both pre and post-exposure facilitating the management and prevention of accidents in health personnel. Conclusion: the biological risk in the nursing practitioner has had a high prevalence and incidence of injuries on account of the contact with fluids, such as blood and infectious biological secretions, creating concern in health personnel. Keywords: occupational accident, biosafety, occupational hazards, nursing personnel.