Pie diabético y su abordaje terapéutico. Revisión Sistémica

Abstract

Background: Diabetic foot represents a long-term complication of diabetes, characterized by tissue damage in the lower extremities, accompanied by neurological dysfunction and peripheral vascular problems. It is a frequent reason for hospital admission in patients with diabetes and is the primary cause of non-traumatic amputations. The main pathological processes underlying this condition derive from diabetic neuropathy and peripheral artery disease, which contribute to foot deformities and increase susceptibility to injury following trauma. Objective: To investigate the therapeutic approach applied to the diabetic foot. Methods: A systematic review was conducted according to the PRISMA 2020 guidelines, to determine the current therapeutic measures used in diabetic foot. Data collection required the use of high-impact databases, through the combined use of keywords and Boolean connectors to select the most relevant research articles. Results: The studies analyzed on the therapeutic algorithm focus on the pathogenic triggering mechanisms and their multidisciplinary care to achieve the best prognosis. Conclusions: Current evidence enabled the compilation of various therapeutic techniques for the management of diabetic foot, with the purpose of providing optimal lesion treatment.