Análisis comparativo de métodos de estabilización para verificar el cambio de las propiedades físicas y mecánicas de suelos finos en la Parroquia Gualay, cantón Cuenca

Abstract

Several laboratory tests, including sieve analysis, Atterberg limits, compaction test, load-bearing capacity (CBR), and direct shear and simple compaction tests, were conducted to understand the physical and mechanical properties of low-plasticy lime soils existing in the Gualay community. The results evidenced that this soil corresponds to a low-plasticy lime, whose characteristics are inadequate to withstand loads without prior treatment. Different lime stabilizers, bagasse ash, and asphalt emulsions were evaluated to analyze their influence on soil properties. Among them, lime at 7% proportion, applied as a substitute for natural soil, was the additive that showed the most favorable results. This percentage significantly reduced plasticity, increased maximum density, improved compressive strength, and optimized the soil’s bearing capacity. Cane bagasse ash, used at 10%, 15%, and 20% proportions, also contributed to improving certain physical and mechanical properties of the natural soil, especially in reducing plasticity and increasing strength, although to a lesser extent. Asphalt, in proportions of 2%, 4% and 6%, showed positive effects on soil strength and cohesion, but without exceeding the benefits obtained with lime. Finally, the behavior of soil stabilized with 7% lime was analyzed in detail, about the proportion substituted for the natural soil, confirming its effectiveness as a stabilizer. This treatment transformed the soil, making it more resistant and less susceptible to deformation.