Relación de la obesidad con la hiperplasia endometrial

Abstract

Introduction: Endometrial hyperplasia is a condition characterized by excessive proliferation of the endometrial lining due to an imbalance between estrogen and progesterone. Similarly, obesity has been identified as a risk factor for endometrial hyperplasia and cancer, as it increases estrogen exposure. Understanding the relationship between these two conditions is crucial for developing effective prevention and treatment strategies. Methodology: A literature review was conducted using bibliographic databases including PubMed, Scopus, and Web of Science, focusing on publications from the past 10 years. Primary studies, systematic reviews, and meta-analyses addressing the relationship between obesity and endometrial hyperplasia were included. Results: The risk of endometrial hyperplasia and the progression of endometrial cancer are closely associated with obesity. Obese women exhibit higher levels of unopposed estrogen due to the aromatization of androgens in adipose tissue. Weight loss interventions can significantly improve clinical outcomes in the early stages of the disease. Conclusions: Obesity is a significant risk factor for the development and progression of endometrial hyperplasia and endometrial cancer. The WHO classification system facilitates clinical management by distinguishing between types with different risks of progression. Studies conducted in Latin America reveal a growing association between obesity and endometrial hyperplasia, underscoring the need to address obesity as part of disease management strategies.