Nuevos Antirretrovirales para el tratamiento del VIH. Revisión sistemática

Abstract

Background: The introduction of new antiretrovirals (ARVs) has transformed Human Immunodeficiency Virus (HIV) treatment, improving efficacy and tolerability. Evaluating these new regimens is essential to understand their impact in different clinical settings. Objective: This systematic review aims to analyze the effectiveness and safety of new ARVs regimens approved for HIV-1 treatment, comparing their performance with treatments. Methodology: A comprehensive search was conducted in databases such as PubMed, Cochrane Library, and Embase, including studies published in 2019. Studies were evaluated according to PRISMA guidelines, and the Cochrane Risk of Bias tool was used to assess their quality. Results: The new ARVs demonstrated greater efficacy in viral suppression and a superior safety profile, with fewer serious side effects than traditional treatments. In addition, the reduced pill burden favored greater adherence to treatment. These regimens were effective in diverse populations, including those with drug resistance or previous treatment failures. Conclusion: The new ARV regimens improve viral suppression and tolerability and simplify treatment, facilitating adherence and adapting to different patient profiles. It suggests that they could become the first choice in HIV-1 treatment. Keywords: HIV, antiretrovirals, compliance and adherence to treatment, side effects, systematic review