Manifestaciones clínicas a causa de reacciones alérgicas por diferentes materiales de uso estomatológico

Abstract

OBJECTIVE of this work was to determine the different clinical manifestations of allergic reactions caused by the use of different materials for stomatological use. The MATERIALS AND METHODS: the methodology applied was a review of bibliographic sources, under an observational study, using different virtual platforms with rapid access. The RESULTS obtained show that the mouth is highly resistant to allergic reactions due to the fact that it contains saliva and certain immunological components, which facilitates its rapid destruction. The people with the greatest allergic effects due to the use of this type of material are those who belong to the female gender with an adult age. The main allergens used in dentistry are: metals (nickel, titanium, chromium, beryllium, zirconium, cobalt), non-metals (fluoride), materials (Biomaterials used in prosthodontics, amalgam restorations, acrylic and composite resins), in addition to Local anesthetics that are medications can cause the following allergies: oral dermatitis, pneumonitis, stomatitis, cytotoxicity, erythematous and pruritic lesions, among others. CONCLUSIONS: It was determined that most of the materials that are used in the dental area have a certain degree of toxicity, however, as they have a slow release, they do not produce any affectation. The main allergic reactions are: anaphylactic reactions, cytotoxic reactions, reactions mediated by immune complexes and hypersensitivity reactions. In many patients it was determined that the most common allergy is oral stomatitis.