Factores protectores y de riesgo en usuarios del servicio de oncología del hospital José Carrasco Arteaga, período septiembre 2017 - enero 2018

Abstract

Cancer is considered a health phenomenon that impacts the different spheres of the human being, the family and society. Objective: To determine the protective and risk factors those influence the evolution of the oncological disease. Method: descriptive, retroprospective study, quantitative approach and cross section, simple random sampling; 168 people with chronic oncological disease participated, the data collection form was used as a tool from the clinical history of the users and the medical system AS / 400 of the oncology service of the José Carrasco Arteaga Hospital. Analysis: the database was obtained in the SPSS and EXCEL program applying measures of central tendency. Results: The predominant risk factors are: according to type of cancer: breast 31%, prostate 27%, uterus 23%, feminine gender 58.9%, stage of disease grade II with 31% and III 29.8%, according to type of treatment chemotherapy with 41.7%, 60.1% of patients have regular health status, as physical effects 38.1% refer pain and vomiting in 26.2%, the psychological effects manifested are anxiety 39.3% and depression 32.1%. The frequent protective factors: age range between 31 and 50 years with 35.7%, place of origin province of Azuay 50.6%, diagnosis time less than 6 months 28.6% and 7 months to 1 year 27.4%, lifestyles adherence to treatment 32.7% . Conclusion: it is evident that the presence of protective agents and of risk affects the rehabilitation of the health of the oncological patient.