Efecto analgésico perioperatorio de la combinación de bupivacaina al 0.5% y fentanilo por vía epidural lumbosacra en perras sometidas a ovario-histerectomía

Abstract

Ovariohysterectomy (OVH) is a common surgical procedure in female canines, associated with intense pain due to the tissue trauma sustained during the operation. Consequently, it is essential to employ effective methodologies for preoperative analgesia. In these cases, epidural anesthesia has been recognized as a fundamental approach to alleviate postoperative discomfort due to its advantages. Therefore, the objective of this research was to evaluate the perioperative analgesic efficacy of a combination of 0.5% bupivacaine and fentanyl (50 mcg/ml), administered via the lumbosacral epidural technique, in canines undergoing ovariohysterectomy. For this purpose, apparently healthy patients aged between 1 and 5 years were selected and classified as ASA I according to the criteria established by the American Society of Anesthesiologists. The subjects were randomly distributed into two groups: the B+F group (n = 5) received a lumbosacral epidural administration of 0.5% bupivacaine combined with fentanyl (50 mcg/ml), and the B group (n = 5) was treated with 0.5% bupivacaine alone using the same route. The results showed statistically significant differences (p<0.05), where the B+F group treatment demonstrated a lower average score on the Glasgow pain scale (1.27 ± 0.87) compared to the B group (2.73 ± 0.87). These findings suggest that the combination of bupivacaine and fentanyl not only improves pain control but also may reduce the need for additional doses of anesthetics and analgesics (such as NSAIDs) during the postoperative period. Keywords: Pain relief; Canine; Ovariohysterectomy; Glasgow Pain Scale.