Úlcera hipertensiva de martorell en adultos mayores

Abstract

Introduction: Martorell's Hypertensive Ulcers are ischemic lesions caused by the obstruction of arterioles. These usually affect elderly patients with poor management of arterial hypertension of long evolution; generally, they are located in the lower legs and Achilles heel. Methodology: A descriptive, narrative-type research was conducted by searching scientific databases, finally selecting 51 articles that met the established questions. Results and Discussion: The presence of this type of ulcer is low, and its prevalence is less than 10% concerning other lesions; among the main risk factors are Diabetes Mellitus, vascular diseases, advanced age, sex, obesity, sedentary lifestyle, and excessive consumption of tobacco and alcohol; if this ulcer is not treated properly, patients may present multiple infections, osteomyelitis, cellulitis, and even amputation of the affected limb. The approach involves clinical (pharmacological) and surgical treatment; nursing is critical to managing these wounds and directly involves controlling blood glucose and blood pressure, ulcer care, and treatment education. Conclusions: The prevalence of this ulcer is increasing; therefore, the importance of continuously updating knowledge to provide correct management and prevent the patient from losing their quality of life is highlighted.