Complicaciones relacionadas a la nutrición parenteral en pacientes pediátricos. Revisión sistemática.

Abstract

Introduction: Parenteral nutrition refers to a type of feeding that supplies the body with a concentrated mixture through a venous line, either peripheral or central. The complications associated with parenteral nutrition in children are generally alarming when using central lines due to the risks of sepsis and mechanical and metabolic disturbances caused by factors such as long-duration catheters and the type and number of lumens. Objective: To identify the main complications associated with parenteral nutrition in pediatric patients. Methodology: A qualitative, descriptive systematic review was conducted following the PRISMA 2020 guidelines. The data collected comes from publications over the last five years from SciELO, PubMed, Google Scholar, Semantic Scholar, and SpringerLink. Each publication was assessed for quality and individual bias risks. Results: Approximately 519,750 publications were found before applying filters. After filtering, 18 scientifically relevant studies were selected, from which two were obtained from Google Scholar, three from PubMed, four from SciELO, eight from Semantic Scholar, and one from SpringerLink. After analyzing and comparing these studies, it was identified that the most common complications in parenteral nutrition for pediatric patients were infectious and mechanical. Discussion: Following a thorough analysis and comparison of the results with the available literature, it is established that this systematic review aims to address the stated objectives. Keywords: complications, parenteral nutrition, pediatrics, catheters