Impacto de la nutrición en las enfermedades crónicas pediátricas

Abstract

Introduction: Pediatric chronic diseases are a growing public health concern, and nutrition plays a crucial role in their development and management. This study aimed to examine the impact of nutrition on these diseases. Objective: To analyze the impact of nutrition on pediatric chronic diseases through a literature review. Methodology: A narrative review of articles in both English and Spanish published between 2015 and 2023, encompassing clinical trials, observational studies, meta-analyses, and systematic reviews, was conducted. Search terms and Boolean operators were employed in PubMed, Scopus, and Web of Science databases. Results: Several nutritional factors and intervention programs influencing the development and management of pediatric chronic diseases were identified. Successful programs such as the Qali Warma school feeding program and the healthy articulated program in the Santa Cruz Health Executing Unit demonstrated significant improvements in the nutritional status of children. The influence of sociocultural and economic factors on children's nutritional health was also emphasized. Conclusions: Nutrition plays an essential role in developing and managing pediatric chronic diseases. Ongoing development of effective intervention programs and consideration of sociocultural factors in preventing and managing these diseases are necessary. Nutritional assessment and a multidisciplinary approach are fundamental in caring for affected children.