“Asociación entre la periodontitis y enfermedad de Alzheimer. Revisión bibliográfica”

Abstract

Periodontitis is a chronic, multifactorial inflammatory disease associated with an imbalance in oral microbiota, characterized by the loss of supporting tissues. Alzheimer's disease (AD) is an irreversible and progressive neurodegenerative pathology characterized by beta-amyloid accumulation and the presence of neurofibrillary tangles. Several mechanisms associated with periodontitis and Alzheimer's disease have been described, including the direct impact of periodontal pathogens and their products, and the indirect effects of the host response. Objective: To analyze the potential connection between periodontitis and Alzheimer's disease through a comprehensive literature review. Methods: Quantitative descriptive study conducted through a literature review. The scientific articles were searched in the following digital databases: SciELO, Medigraphic, PubMed, and Elsevier. Finally, 20 articles were selected and analyzed. Conclusion: Considering AD as a chronic neuroinflammatory condition and periodontitis as a chronic immunoinflammatory disease, studies have proposed the inflammatory reaction as a critical connection between both pathologies. However, further studies are needed to support this connection theory between these comorbidities objectively.