Tratamiento con anticuerpos monoclonales en demencia tipo Alzheimer

Abstract

Introduction and Objective: Alzheimer's disease (AD) is a type of chronic and progressive dementia that causes neurodegenerative pathological alterations. It poses a challenge to global public health due to the permanent disability it generates and the high costs involved in its care. The WHO mentions that around 50 million people worldwide have dementia, of which more than 70% of cases are AD. There are different types of Alzheimer's disease, so its differentiation will be based on the time of onset and the clinical presentation. So far, there is no cure for the disease; however, new immunotherapies based on the use of monoclonal antibodies have been implemented to improve symptoms and reduce the accumulation of beta-amyloid protein plaques that cause the disease, such as aducanumab, lecanemab, and bapineuzumab. This review aims to analyze the use of monoclonal antibodies as a treatment in patients with Alzheimer's disease. Conclusion: The pharmacological treatment of AD has been shown to decrease brain amyloid aggregates and insoluble βA structures, but without evidence of clinical improvement that characterizes the disease.