Factores de riesgo que influyen en la conducta suicida en adultos en Latinoamérica.

Abstract

The risk factors influencing suicidal behavior in adults in Latin America were analyzed, considering psychosocial factors. This research aimed to identify and describe factors contributing to suicide prevention in the region. A narrative literature review with a qualitative approach was conducted, compiling studies published between 2015 and 2024. Data sources were extracted from recognized databases such as Web of Science, Scopus, and PubMed, and studies were selected according to strict exclusion and inclusion criteria, thus ensuring the validity and relevance of the data analyzed. The findings demonstrated that psychosocial factors, economic hardship, unemployment, and domestic violence significantly increase the risk of suicide among Latin American adults. This impact is especially relevant in vulnerable populations and individuals with limited access to mental health services. The lack of psychological care further exacerbates the issue, highlighting the need to implement interventions. It was determined that these factors have a crucial impact on suicidal behavior, which highlights the importance of strengthening support systems and expanding the availability of mental health services. Despite the limitations of the research, such as the reliance on secondary sources and the methodological diversity of the reviewed studies, the results provide a solid foundation for future research and the design of suicide prevention strategies in Latin America.