“Lactancia materna, alimentación complementaria y su efecto en el crecimiento y desarrollo en niños hasta los 2 años de edad”

Abstract

Nutrition is key to providing the nutrients, vitamins, and proteins required by the body to ensure proper growth. Therefore, it is essential to promote exclusive breastfeeding and complementary feeding that meets the needs of children under two years of age. Objective: To systematize the available scientific evidence on breastfeeding, complementary feeding, and its effect on growth in children up to two years of age. Methodology: Systematic review, approached according to the PRISMA method guidelines, which led to the selection of 23 scientific articles obtained from information sources: Scopus, MedLine, PubMed, ScIELO, Redalyc, LILACs, and Web Of Science. Results: Breastfeeding and complementary feeding have a series of positive effects on children: they help prevent diseases; strengthen attention, memory, and concentration; provide energy; contribute to the acquisition of skills and abilities; boost the immune system; favor recovery from specific pathologies and promote sensory and cognitive development. Internal and external factors that act negatively. Conclusions: Lactation and complementary feeding provide nutrients and antibodies to optimize the child's development.