La vulneración de los derechos de la naturaleza y sus consecuencias en la zona de exclusión minera en el cantón Zaruma periodo 2017-2022.

Abstract

This article analyzes the violation of the rights of nature within the mining exclusion zone in the canton of Zaruma, province of El Oro, in the period 2017-2022, focusing on legal and socio-environmental aspects regarding illegal and uncontrolled mining. From a qualitative approach, national regulations were examined, emphasizing the Constitution of the Republic of Ecuador, as this was a pioneer at the regional level in recognizing the rights of nature, leaving aside an ancient belief that nature was a property of human beings, that is, it was given the importance of an object but not as a subject of rights, this changed after the reform that was carried out in 2008. Likewise, the research examined how the lack of interim control and the insufficiency in the application of public policies have facilitated negative impacts on ecosystems, affecting biodiversity and causing adverse effects on the environmental balance, in addition to causing setbacks in the development of the local community, leading to irreversible damage to property.