Dependencia emocional y bienestar psicológico en estudiantes universitarios.

Abstract

The mental health of university students is influenced by factors such as emotional dependence and psychological well-being, especially during early adulthood. Emotional dependence is characterized by an excessive need for affection, fear of abandonment, and a constant search for validation, while psychological well-being encompasses aspects such as autonomy, positive relationships, and personal growth. This study aimed to analyze the relationship between these two variables among university students based on the available scientific evidence. A qualitative literature review with a descriptive-documentary scope was conducted by searching theses, books, and scientific articles published between 2020 and 2026 in the academic databases Scopus, Web of Science, SciELO, and Redalyc. The studies reviewed revealed varying levels of emotional dependence, with a predominance of mild and moderate levels, manifested primarily through fear of abandonment, a need for attention, and emotional validation. Furthermore, the literature linked psychological well-being to emotional regulation, social support, healthy interpersonal relationships, and secure attachment. The evidence analyzed showed a negative association between the two variables, with higher levels of emotional dependence linked to lower levels of psychological well-being. It is concluded that high levels of emotional dependence represent a vulnerability factor for mental health among university students; therefore, it is necessary to promote institutional strategies that strengthen emotional autonomy and affective regulation.