Disfunciones sexuales femeninas y su tratamiento psicológico

Abstract

Sexual dysfunctions are the individual’s difficulty in actively participating in sexual relations in a pleasurable way, affecting the phases of the sexual response and causing clinically significant discomfort. This research aims to identify the risk factors, the primary sexual dysfunctions that afflict women, and the most effective psychological treatment. A literature review study of descriptive scope with a qualitative approach was carried out by searching for information in bibliographic bases such as Redalyc, SciELO, Dialnet, Web of Science, and Scopus, with keywords such as female sexual dysfunctions, treatment, sexual desire, sexual satisfaction, in English and Spanish. A total of 36 articles were obtained, with information according to the needs of the study. Among the results obtained, the risk factors with the highest incidence for the appearance of female sexual dysfunctions were determined: biological, psychological, socio-cultural, beliefs, self-perception, age of the woman, medical treatments, and diseases. The stage with the highest rate of female sexual dysfunctions is middle adulthood, from 40 to 65 years old. There are significant changes for women at this stage due to the onset of pre-menopause, menopause, and post-menopause. Finally, the psychological treatment approach with more scientific evidence is Cognitive-Behavioral Therapy, which shows efficacy in women treated, with the techniques of directed masturbation, mindfulness, and training in problem-solving, the most used in therapy, allowing to face the different situations that may cause changes and instability in the woman's life.