Estudio de los factores sociodemográficos que inciden en el desempleo de las personas en los sectores: San Francisco, El arenal y Puente Fabián Alarcón de la ciudad de Cuenca

Abstract

The present work studies the sociodemographic factors that affect the unemployment of people in the sectors of San Francisco, El Arenal and Puente Fabián Alarcón in the city of Cuenca; Unemployment represents a social problem, which includes precarious situations, denying people a dignified quality of life by receiving an income below the basic salary or a monetary value that guarantees the sustainability of both their household and families, therefore, it is important to study the sociodemographic factors linked to unemployment in the sectors, where most of them gather in the mornings waiting for hiring for hours or days, since they are aware of the few job opportunities offered by the sector. Consequently, this study aims to identify the sociodemographic factors that affect the unemployment of people in the three aforementioned sectors, from September 2018 to February 2019. The research approach is quantitative, given that it was possible to measure the study phenomenon, by means of tests and statistical data with the application of the Chi-square; also, the deductive method, with a finite population of 320 subjects, as a result 175 participants with the application of a random sample (random), data were gathered through a structured survey. Finally, the research showed that the level of academic instruction was the most limiting at the time of obtaining a job, followed by ethnicity and nationality representing the three main factors, therefore, an intervention plan focused on educational and technical training is essential for the people who attend the "Casa del Obrero" institution that was inaugurated in January which is at the service of the unemployed population of San Francisco.